<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<rss version="2.0">
  <channel>
    <title>Day kim - 공부/개발/사진</title>
    <link>https://de1030.tistory.com/</link>
    <description>취미로 사진을 찍는 대학원생입니다. 
논문리뷰는 개인적인 관심사에 대한 분야의 논문을 읽고, 노션에 정리한 것을 거의 그대로 업로드 합니다. 
때때로 잘못된 이해가 있을 수 있습니다. 혹시 발견하신 분은 지적해주시면 감사하겠습니다.</description>
    <language>ko</language>
    <pubDate>Wed, 8 Apr 2026 05:18:55 +0900</pubDate>
    <generator>TISTORY</generator>
    <ttl>100</ttl>
    <managingEditor>daily-kim</managingEditor>
    <image>
      <title>Day kim - 공부/개발/사진</title>
      <url>https://tistory1.daumcdn.net/tistory/796832/attach/ab453139439e4cb0a2a4156581825334</url>
      <link>https://de1030.tistory.com</link>
    </image>
    <item>
      <title>(2025) 요세미티 국립공원</title>
      <link>https://de1030.tistory.com/21</link>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;&lt;figure class=&quot;imageblock alignCenter&quot; data-ke-mobileStyle=&quot;widthOrigin&quot; data-filename=&quot;KDH_1536.jpg&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;3514&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;5264&quot;&gt;&lt;span data-url=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/bE7q02/btsPXSEpvZi/tK9jdvHRqoDDf20CQbKwB1/img.jpg&quot; data-phocus=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/bE7q02/btsPXSEpvZi/tK9jdvHRqoDDf20CQbKwB1/img.jpg&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/bE7q02/btsPXSEpvZi/tK9jdvHRqoDDf20CQbKwB1/img.jpg&quot; srcset=&quot;https://img1.daumcdn.net/thumb/R1280x0/?scode=mtistory2&amp;fname=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.kakaocdn.net%2Fdn%2FbE7q02%2FbtsPXSEpvZi%2FtK9jdvHRqoDDf20CQbKwB1%2Fimg.jpg&quot; onerror=&quot;this.onerror=null; this.src='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png'; this.srcset='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png';&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot; width=&quot;3514&quot; height=&quot;5264&quot; data-filename=&quot;KDH_1536.jpg&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;3514&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;5264&quot;/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/figure&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;처음 대학 사진 동아리에 들어갈 때, 스마트폰의 카메라 품질은 형편없었다. 주간 사진도 선명하지 못했고, 야간 사진은 누구 얼굴인지 구분하기도 어려웠다. &quot;사진다운 사진&quot;을 찍기 위해서는&amp;nbsp; 카메라를 사고, 렌즈를 맞추는 일이 당연했다.&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;그러다&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;가끔 여행이라도&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;가게&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;된다면&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;최대한&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;좋은&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;화질로&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;추억을&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;남긴다는&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;생각에&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;그&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;무거운&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;카메라에&lt;span&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;렌즈에&lt;span&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;삼각대를&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;이고&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;지고&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;돌아다니곤&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;했다&lt;span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;시간이 흐르며 핸드폰 카메라가 좋아졌다. 마치 카메라로 찍은 듯, 선명한 사진을 주 야간 가리지 않고 찍을 수 있게 되면서 카메라는 점차 갈길을 잃었다. 더욱이 1kg이 부쩍 넘는 내 풀프레임 DSLR을 좀처럼 진열대 밖으로 꺼낼 생각이 들지 않았다. 사진은 계속 좋아했기에 플래그십 스마트폰을 사고, 다양한 필름 카메라를 모았다. 최근들어 RX100까지 들인 뒤 이 친구를 꺼낼일이 있을까 싶기도 했다.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;사진을&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;찍기위한&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;여행이&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;아닌&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;이상&lt;span&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;렌즈교환&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;카메라를&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;들고&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;다니는&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;여행은&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;여간&lt;span&gt; 까다로운게 &lt;/span&gt;아니다&lt;span&gt;. &lt;/span&gt;겨울에는&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;추워서&lt;span&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;여름에는&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;더워서&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;카메라를&lt;span&gt; 내려 놓고 &lt;/span&gt;싶고&lt;span&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;가방을&lt;span&gt; 들때 마다 &amp;ldquo;&lt;/span&gt;이걸&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;왜&lt;span&gt; 들고왔지?&amp;rdquo; &lt;/span&gt;하는&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;일이&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;반복된다&lt;span&gt;. 그러다 보니 몇 차례 여행을 가며 점점 작은 카메라를 챙기다가, 얼마 전에는 RX100도 굳이 필요한가? 하는 생각에 아이폰만 하나 들고 여행을 다녀오기도 했다. 그래도 추억을 남길만한 사진은 충분히 나왔고, 가끔 인스타에 올릴 정도는 충분했으니.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;그렇게 먼지만 먹고 있는 이 친구를 이제 보내줘야 하나 고민만 하고 있었는데, 이번 출장을 준비하며 갑자기 이걸 챙겨볼까 하는 생각이 들었다.&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;짐에 비해 캐리어 하나로는 부족한데 둘을 챙기고 나니 공간이 남기도 했고, 평생에 한번 더 가볼지 모르는 요세미티 여행도 계획하고 있었기 때문이다.&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;오랜만에&lt;span&gt; 70-200, 35mm 단렌즈에&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;삼각대까지&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;야무지게&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;챙겨&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;다녀온&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;후기는..&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;figure class=&quot;imageblock alignCenter&quot; data-ke-mobileStyle=&quot;widthOrigin&quot; data-filename=&quot;KDH_1543.jpg&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;5723&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;3820&quot;&gt;&lt;span data-url=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/q4cpB/btsPZgktyOL/oYJNYVbG9JBP2sDDnCNaU0/img.jpg&quot; data-phocus=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/q4cpB/btsPZgktyOL/oYJNYVbG9JBP2sDDnCNaU0/img.jpg&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/q4cpB/btsPZgktyOL/oYJNYVbG9JBP2sDDnCNaU0/img.jpg&quot; srcset=&quot;https://img1.daumcdn.net/thumb/R1280x0/?scode=mtistory2&amp;fname=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.kakaocdn.net%2Fdn%2Fq4cpB%2FbtsPZgktyOL%2FoYJNYVbG9JBP2sDDnCNaU0%2Fimg.jpg&quot; onerror=&quot;this.onerror=null; this.src='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png'; this.srcset='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png';&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot; width=&quot;5723&quot; height=&quot;3820&quot; data-filename=&quot;KDH_1543.jpg&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;5723&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;3820&quot;/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/figure&gt;
&lt;figure class=&quot;imageblock alignCenter&quot; data-ke-mobileStyle=&quot;widthOrigin&quot; data-filename=&quot;KDH_1580.jpg&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;4016&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;6016&quot;&gt;&lt;span data-url=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/bxjUJj/btsPZ4jxjam/OnQHJ5C44lu7kdi0swbXm1/img.jpg&quot; data-phocus=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/bxjUJj/btsPZ4jxjam/OnQHJ5C44lu7kdi0swbXm1/img.jpg&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/bxjUJj/btsPZ4jxjam/OnQHJ5C44lu7kdi0swbXm1/img.jpg&quot; srcset=&quot;https://img1.daumcdn.net/thumb/R1280x0/?scode=mtistory2&amp;fname=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.kakaocdn.net%2Fdn%2FbxjUJj%2FbtsPZ4jxjam%2FOnQHJ5C44lu7kdi0swbXm1%2Fimg.jpg&quot; onerror=&quot;this.onerror=null; this.src='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png'; this.srcset='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png';&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot; width=&quot;4016&quot; height=&quot;6016&quot; data-filename=&quot;KDH_1580.jpg&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;4016&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;6016&quot;/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/figure&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;무척이나 후회 없는 선택이었다.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;광학식 뷰파인더로 풍경을 바라보며 구도를 잡고, 노출을 맞춰 셔터를 누르고, 돌아와서 사진을 확대해보며 보정하는 모든 과정은 핸드폰으로 찍는 사진과는 무언가 다른 감성이 있다.&amp;nbsp;필름으로 찍는 사진이 투박한 감성이 있다면, 선명한 사진을 높은 관용도를 사용해 색을 담고, 구석구석을 확대해서 보며 완전한 사진을 만들어 내는 건, 디지털카메라가 가진 또 하나의 감성이 아닐까 싶다.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;figure class=&quot;imageblock alignCenter&quot; data-ke-mobileStyle=&quot;widthOrigin&quot; data-filename=&quot;KDH_1599.jpg&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;4016&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;6016&quot;&gt;&lt;span data-url=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/bdpV2L/btsPZgdIDrN/2v3lTcMa30MbSW6ksLtRWk/img.jpg&quot; data-phocus=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/bdpV2L/btsPZgdIDrN/2v3lTcMa30MbSW6ksLtRWk/img.jpg&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/bdpV2L/btsPZgdIDrN/2v3lTcMa30MbSW6ksLtRWk/img.jpg&quot; srcset=&quot;https://img1.daumcdn.net/thumb/R1280x0/?scode=mtistory2&amp;fname=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.kakaocdn.net%2Fdn%2FbdpV2L%2FbtsPZgdIDrN%2F2v3lTcMa30MbSW6ksLtRWk%2Fimg.jpg&quot; onerror=&quot;this.onerror=null; this.src='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png'; this.srcset='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png';&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot; width=&quot;4016&quot; height=&quot;6016&quot; data-filename=&quot;KDH_1599.jpg&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;4016&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;6016&quot;/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/figure&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;내 예상보다 광학과 센서 기술은 발전할 여지가 있었는지, 작은 카메라로도 감탄이 나올만한 좋은 사진을 담을 수 있게 됐다. 카메라를 업그레이드하기보다 아이폰을 신형으로 바꾸는 게 나을까를 고민할 판에, 내가 언제까지 풀프레임 카메라를 들고 사진을 찍을지는 모르겠다.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;figure class=&quot;imageblock alignCenter&quot; data-ke-mobileStyle=&quot;widthOrigin&quot; data-filename=&quot;KDH_1631.jpg&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;6016&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;4016&quot;&gt;&lt;span data-url=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/bVn1LC/btsPVbFcLuE/4f6ik83N2ikRf8bJxGrOK1/img.jpg&quot; data-phocus=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/bVn1LC/btsPVbFcLuE/4f6ik83N2ikRf8bJxGrOK1/img.jpg&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/bVn1LC/btsPVbFcLuE/4f6ik83N2ikRf8bJxGrOK1/img.jpg&quot; srcset=&quot;https://img1.daumcdn.net/thumb/R1280x0/?scode=mtistory2&amp;fname=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.kakaocdn.net%2Fdn%2FbVn1LC%2FbtsPVbFcLuE%2F4f6ik83N2ikRf8bJxGrOK1%2Fimg.jpg&quot; onerror=&quot;this.onerror=null; this.src='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png'; this.srcset='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png';&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot; width=&quot;6016&quot; height=&quot;4016&quot; data-filename=&quot;KDH_1631.jpg&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;6016&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;4016&quot;/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/figure&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;하나 확실한 건 나는 아직까지 핸드폰 사진을 보며 이렇게 즐거워 본 적이 없다는 거다.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;figure class=&quot;imageblock alignCenter&quot; data-ke-mobileStyle=&quot;widthOrigin&quot; data-filename=&quot;KDH_1616.jpg&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;3864&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;5788&quot;&gt;&lt;span data-url=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/AgogZ/btsPXCICZDz/htHINodUBJKyjhqQT7PXf0/img.jpg&quot; data-phocus=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/AgogZ/btsPXCICZDz/htHINodUBJKyjhqQT7PXf0/img.jpg&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/AgogZ/btsPXCICZDz/htHINodUBJKyjhqQT7PXf0/img.jpg&quot; srcset=&quot;https://img1.daumcdn.net/thumb/R1280x0/?scode=mtistory2&amp;fname=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.kakaocdn.net%2Fdn%2FAgogZ%2FbtsPXCICZDz%2FhtHINodUBJKyjhqQT7PXf0%2Fimg.jpg&quot; onerror=&quot;this.onerror=null; this.src='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png'; this.srcset='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png';&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot; width=&quot;3864&quot; height=&quot;5788&quot; data-filename=&quot;KDH_1616.jpg&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;3864&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;5788&quot;/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/figure&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;한동안은 여행을 갈 때마다 진열장 앞에서 고민을 좀 하게 생겼다.&lt;/p&gt;</description>
      <category>사진</category>
      <author>daily-kim</author>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://de1030.tistory.com/21</guid>
      <comments>https://de1030.tistory.com/21#entry21comment</comments>
      <pubDate>Tue, 19 Aug 2025 20:48:28 +0900</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>시놀로지 와일드카드 인증서 자동갱신 스크립트(acme.sh, let's encrypt)</title>
      <link>https://de1030.tistory.com/20</link>
      <description>&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;몇 년간 집에서 나스를 사용하면서 다양한 트러블을 경험하고 있다.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;무료 ddns를 비롯, 여러 세팅을 바꿔보다가 현재는 외부도메인을 결제하여 사용 중이다.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;예를 들면 'aaa.bbb' 도메인을 설정, 서브도메인을 사용해 'ccc.aaa.bbb' 형태로 나스에 접속, 이외 다양한 서브도메인을 잡고, 웹서버에서 리다이렉트 하는 식으로 링크들을 설정하여 사용 중인데, HTTPS 접속을 위한 SSL 인증서가 매번 말썽이다.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;처음 외부도메인을 설정할때는 별생각 없이 하나의 서브도메인에 대해서만 시놀로지 제어판 인증서를 사용했고 자동 갱신하도록 해서 문제가 없었는데, 이것저것 도메인을 늘리다가 설정도 손보다 보니 자꾸 인증서가 만료되어 접속이 불가능한 경우가 많았다.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;시놀로지 제어판에서 깔끔하게 설정할 수 있으면 좋겠는데, synology.me 도메인을 제외하고는 와일드카드 도메인을 자동갱신할 수 없도록 제한되어있는 부분이 있어, 이참에 깔끔하게 설정하려다가 좋은 포스팅을 발견했다.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.hlog.io/ssl-cert-auto-renew-on-synology&quot;&gt;https://www.hlog.io/ssl-cert-auto-renew-on-synology&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;figure id=&quot;og_1720019241150&quot; contenteditable=&quot;false&quot; data-ke-type=&quot;opengraph&quot; data-ke-align=&quot;alignCenter&quot; data-og-type=&quot;website&quot; data-og-title=&quot;시놀로지 NAS Wildcard SSL 자동 갱신 설정 (acme.sh + Cloudflare API)&quot; data-og-description=&quot;acme.sh+Cloudflare DNS API를 사용하여 Synology NAS에 Wildcard SSL 인증서 발급받고, 이후 인증서 갱신 작업을 자동화할 수 있다.&quot; data-og-host=&quot;www.hlog.io&quot; data-og-source-url=&quot;https://www.hlog.io/ssl-cert-auto-renew-on-synology&quot; data-og-url=&quot;https://www.hlog.io/ssl-cert-auto-renew-on-synology&quot; data-og-image=&quot;https://scrap.kakaocdn.net/dn/bE6vBs/hyWvVAle4i/iSrKWs4OMzYNDlgxjHqiq0/img.jpg?width=2400&amp;amp;height=1601&amp;amp;face=0_0_2400_1601,https://scrap.kakaocdn.net/dn/bHYQ4c/hyWrKAsBNZ/RU6i7UjeWwgbtGSfvS5SO1/img.jpg?width=2400&amp;amp;height=1601&amp;amp;face=0_0_2400_1601,https://scrap.kakaocdn.net/dn/d6tAnH/hyWvLYLiIg/t41bmhDkO3sa0BeG8xsXrk/img.jpg?width=3600&amp;amp;height=2401&amp;amp;face=0_0_3600_2401&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.hlog.io/ssl-cert-auto-renew-on-synology&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; data-source-url=&quot;https://www.hlog.io/ssl-cert-auto-renew-on-synology&quot;&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;og-image&quot; style=&quot;background-image: url('https://scrap.kakaocdn.net/dn/bE6vBs/hyWvVAle4i/iSrKWs4OMzYNDlgxjHqiq0/img.jpg?width=2400&amp;amp;height=1601&amp;amp;face=0_0_2400_1601,https://scrap.kakaocdn.net/dn/bHYQ4c/hyWrKAsBNZ/RU6i7UjeWwgbtGSfvS5SO1/img.jpg?width=2400&amp;amp;height=1601&amp;amp;face=0_0_2400_1601,https://scrap.kakaocdn.net/dn/d6tAnH/hyWvLYLiIg/t41bmhDkO3sa0BeG8xsXrk/img.jpg?width=3600&amp;amp;height=2401&amp;amp;face=0_0_3600_2401');&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;og-text&quot;&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;og-title&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;시놀로지 NAS Wildcard SSL 자동 갱신 설정 (acme.sh + Cloudflare API)&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;og-desc&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;acme.sh+Cloudflare DNS API를 사용하여 Synology NAS에 Wildcard SSL 인증서 발급받고, 이후 인증서 갱신 작업을 자동화할 수 있다.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;og-host&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;www.hlog.io&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/figure&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;해당 포스팅 저자는 cloudflare dns를 사용중이신 것으로 보이는데 아쉽지만 난 porkbun을 사용 중이다. 이제 와서 도메인을 이사하자니 얼마 전에 갱신했는데 아까운 것도 있고, 여행 중에 괜히 건드리다가 접속이 안되면 굉장히 귀찮아질 것 같아 스크립트를 슬쩍 수정해서 사용했다.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;비슷한 상황에 처한 사람이 있을까 하는 생각 겸, 기록을 위해 간단하게 방법을 남긴다.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;1. porkbun API 발급&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://porkbun.com/account/api&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&amp;nbsp;noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://porkbun.com/account/api&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp; 사용중인 도메인에 대해 API 키를 발급한다. Private key는 사이트를 벗어나면 사라지기 때문에, 잘 기록해 둘 필요가 있다.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;figure class=&quot;imageblock alignCenter&quot; data-ke-mobileStyle=&quot;widthOrigin&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;1582&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;470&quot;&gt;&lt;span data-url=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/boslWa/btsIlWg4xPC/zLpgD16Z6jrPSGhu1U3E60/img.png&quot; data-phocus=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/boslWa/btsIlWg4xPC/zLpgD16Z6jrPSGhu1U3E60/img.png&quot; data-alt=&quot;잘 복사 해 두면 된다&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/boslWa/btsIlWg4xPC/zLpgD16Z6jrPSGhu1U3E60/img.png&quot; srcset=&quot;https://img1.daumcdn.net/thumb/R1280x0/?scode=mtistory2&amp;fname=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.kakaocdn.net%2Fdn%2FboslWa%2FbtsIlWg4xPC%2FzLpgD16Z6jrPSGhu1U3E60%2Fimg.png&quot; onerror=&quot;this.onerror=null; this.src='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png'; this.srcset='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png';&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot; width=&quot;1582&quot; height=&quot;470&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;1582&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;470&quot;/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;figcaption&gt;잘 복사 해 두면 된다&lt;/figcaption&gt;
&lt;/figure&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;2. 링크한 블로그 원본 내용에 따라 스크립트 작성&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;저자 분 내공이 상당한듯 하다. 스크립트 생성기까지 잘 만들어 두셨다.&amp;nbsp; 감사한 마음으로 필요한 부분만 잘 수정했다.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;pre id=&quot;code_1720019841228&quot; class=&quot;bash&quot; data-ke-language=&quot;bash&quot; data-ke-type=&quot;codeblock&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;/* 원본 - Cloudflare */

wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/master/acme.sh #acme.sh 다운로드
chmod a+x acme.sh # 권한 설정
mkdir /root/.acme.sh # 디렉토리 생성
sh acme.sh --upgrade # 스크립트 업데이트
sh acme.sh --set-default-ca --server letsencrypt # CA 변경
export CF_Token=&quot;[Cloudflare 토큰]&quot; # Cloudflare 토큰
export CF_Email=&quot;[Cloudflare 계정 이메일 주소]&quot; # Cloudflare 계정 이메일 주소
sh acme.sh --issue --dns dns_cf -d [나의 도메인] -d '*.[나의 도메인]' # 와일드카드 인증서 발급

cp /root/.acme.sh/[나의 도메인]_ecc/[나의 도메인].cer /usr/syno/etc/certificate/_archive/[기본 인증서 경로]/cert.pem
cp /root/.acme.sh/[나의 도메인]_ecc/ca.cer /usr/syno/etc/certificate/_archive/[기본 인증서 경로]/chain.pem
cp /root/.acme.sh/[나의 도메인]_ecc/fullchain.cer /usr/syno/etc/certificate/_archive/[기본 인증서 경로]/fullchain.pem
cp /root/.acme.sh/[나의 도메인]_ecc/[나의 도메인].key /usr/syno/etc/certificate/_archive/[기본 인증서 경로]/privkey.pem # 인증서 등록
cp /root/.acme.sh/[나의 도메인]_ecc/[나의 도메인].cer /usr/syno/etc/certificate/system/default/cert.pem
cp /root/.acme.sh/[나의 도메인]_ecc/ca.cer /usr/syno/etc/certificate/system/default/chain.pem
cp /root/.acme.sh/[나의 도메인]_ecc/fullchain.cer /usr/syno/etc/certificate/system/default/fullchain.pem
cp /root/.acme.sh/[나의 도메인]_ecc/[나의 도메인].key /usr/syno/etc/certificate/system/default/privkey.pem # 기본 인증서 등록

synosystemctl restart nginx # nginx 서비스 재시작

/* 수정 - Porkbun */
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/master/acme.sh # 스크립트 다운로드
chmod a+x acme.sh # 권한 설정
mkdir /root/.acme.sh # 디렉토리 생성
sh acme.sh --upgrade # 스크립트 업데이트
sh acme.sh --set-default-ca --server letsencrypt # CA 변경
export PORKBUN_API_KEY=&quot;[API KEY]&quot; # [수정]Porkbun API
export PORKBUN_SECRET_API_KEY=&quot;[SECRET API KEY]&quot; #[수정] Porkbun API(SECRET)
sh acme.sh --issue --dns dns_porkbun -d [나의 도메인] -d '*.[나의 도메인]' # [수정]와일드카드 인증서 발급

cp /root/.acme.sh/[나의 도메인]_ecc/[나의 도메인].cer /usr/syno/etc/certificate/_archive/[기본 인증서 경로]/cert.pem
cp /root/.acme.sh/[나의 도메인]_ecc/ca.cer /usr/syno/etc/certificate/_archive/[기본 인증서 경로]/chain.pem
cp /root/.acme.sh/[나의 도메인]_ecc/fullchain.cer /usr/syno/etc/certificate/_archive/[기본 인증서 경로]/fullchain.pem
cp /root/.acme.sh/[나의 도메인]_ecc/[나의 도메인].key /usr/syno/etc/certificate/_archive/[기본 인증서 경로]/privkey.pem # 인증서 등록
cp /root/.acme.sh/[나의 도메인]_ecc/[나의 도메인].cer /usr/syno/etc/certificate/system/default/cert.pem
cp /root/.acme.sh/[나의 도메인]_ecc/ca.cer /usr/syno/etc/certificate/system/default/chain.pem
cp /root/.acme.sh/[나의 도메인]_ecc/fullchain.cer /usr/syno/etc/certificate/system/default/fullchain.pem
cp /root/.acme.sh/[나의 도메인]_ecc/[나의 도메인].key /usr/syno/etc/certificate/system/default/privkey.pem # 기본 인증서 등록

synosystemctl restart nginx # nginx 서비스 재시작&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;보면 알겠지만, porkbun 용으로 환경변수와, acme 실행 시 argument 만 변경했다.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/blob/master/dnsapi/dns_porkbun.sh&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot;&gt;acme.sh 깃헙&lt;/a&gt; 에 porkbun 외에도 다양한 api를 지원하는 것으로 보이니, 적당히 수정해서 사용하면 다른 dns 사용자들도 비슷하게 적용해서 사용할 수 있을 것으로 보인다.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;3. 자동갱신 스케줄 추가&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;역시 비슷한 방법으로 스크립트를 수정하면 된다.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;나는 블로그 글을 쓰면서 갱신 스크립트에 cloudflare 를 porkbun으로 수정하지 않았음을 깨달았다. 까먹고 있으면 몇 달 후 꽤나 귀찮아질 테니, 미리미리 체크하자.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;pre id=&quot;code_1720020668151&quot; class=&quot;bash&quot; data-ke-language=&quot;bash&quot; data-ke-type=&quot;codeblock&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;/* 원본 */

sh acme.sh --issue --force --dns dns_cf -d [나의 도메인] -d '*.[나의 도메인]'

cp /root/.acme.sh/[나의 도메인]_ecc/[나의 도메인].cer /usr/syno/etc/certificate/_archive/[기본 인증서 경로]/cert.pem
cp /root/.acme.sh/[나의 도메인]_ecc/ca.cer /usr/syno/etc/certificate/_archive/[기본 인증서 경로]/chain.pem
cp /root/.acme.sh/[나의 도메인]_ecc/fullchain.cer /usr/syno/etc/certificate/_archive/[기본 인증서 경로]/fullchain.pem
cp /root/.acme.sh/[나의 도메인]_ecc/[나의 도메인].key /usr/syno/etc/certificate/_archive/[기본 인증서 경로]/privkey.pem
cp /root/.acme.sh/[나의 도메인]_ecc/[나의 도메인].cer /usr/syno/etc/certificate/system/default/cert.pem
cp /root/.acme.sh/[나의 도메인]_ecc/ca.cer /usr/syno/etc/certificate/system/default/chain.pem
cp /root/.acme.sh/[나의 도메인]_ecc/fullchain.cer /usr/syno/etc/certificate/system/default/fullchain.pem
cp /root/.acme.sh/[나의 도메인]_ecc/[나의 도메인].key /usr/syno/etc/certificate/system/default/privkey.pem

synosystemctl restart nginx

/* 수정 */

sh acme.sh --issue --force --dns dns_porkbun -d [나의 도메인] -d '*.[나의 도메인]'

cp /root/.acme.sh/[나의 도메인]_ecc/[나의 도메인].cer /usr/syno/etc/certificate/_archive/[기본 인증서 경로]/cert.pem
cp /root/.acme.sh/[나의 도메인]_ecc/ca.cer /usr/syno/etc/certificate/_archive/[기본 인증서 경로]/chain.pem
cp /root/.acme.sh/[나의 도메인]_ecc/fullchain.cer /usr/syno/etc/certificate/_archive/[기본 인증서 경로]/fullchain.pem
cp /root/.acme.sh/[나의 도메인]_ecc/[나의 도메인].key /usr/syno/etc/certificate/_archive/[기본 인증서 경로]/privkey.pem
cp /root/.acme.sh/[나의 도메인]_ecc/[나의 도메인].cer /usr/syno/etc/certificate/system/default/cert.pem
cp /root/.acme.sh/[나의 도메인]_ecc/ca.cer /usr/syno/etc/certificate/system/default/chain.pem
cp /root/.acme.sh/[나의 도메인]_ecc/fullchain.cer /usr/syno/etc/certificate/system/default/fullchain.pem
cp /root/.acme.sh/[나의 도메인]_ecc/[나의 도메인].key /usr/syno/etc/certificate/system/default/privkey.pem

synosystemctl restart nginx&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div id=&quot;gtx-trans&quot; style=&quot;position: absolute; left: 171px; top: 697.195px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;gtx-trans-icon&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;</description>
      <category>잡생각</category>
      <category>nas 인증서</category>
      <category>porkbun</category>
      <category>SSL</category>
      <category>시놀로지</category>
      <category>시놀로지 ssl</category>
      <category>와일드카드 인증서</category>
      <author>daily-kim</author>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://de1030.tistory.com/20</guid>
      <comments>https://de1030.tistory.com/20#entry20comment</comments>
      <pubDate>Thu, 4 Jul 2024 00:32:47 +0900</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>나의 노트북 연대기 : 14인치 맥북프로 롱-텀 사용기</title>
      <link>https://de1030.tistory.com/19</link>
      <description>&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;바쁘게 지내다보니 블로그는 완전히 잊고 있었다. 오랜만에 글을 쓰다보니 직전글이 노트북 연대기였던걸 발견하고.. 어쩌다보니 맥북프로 롱텀 사용기를 쓰게 되었다.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;1. 왜 맥북을 사게 되었나?&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;지난 겨울 작성한 글의 마지막이 연구실 동료의 맥북프로 발견.. 이었는데, 사실 처음 볼때만 해도 저걸 쓰는사람이 있구나~~ 하는 정도였다. 지금에야 믿고쓰는 ARM이지만 당시만 해도 애플실리콘에 대한 불신이 있었고, 기존에 맥북에 호감이었던건 예쁘게 뻗은 유선형 바디 디자인과 13인치의 적당한 사이즈, 좋은 퀄리티의 액정 정도였는데, 못생기고 무거운 14인치 프로는 그닥? 이라는 생각이었다. 프로급에 ARM cpu 를 사용한다는것도 이상하게 느껴졌고.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;무엇보다 240만원짜리 노트북을 산다는게, 감가 다 때려맞은 중고를 구매해가며 평생 사용한 노트북의 가격을 다 합쳐도 200만원이 안되는 나에게는 쉽게 받아들여지지 않았다. 물론 예전에도 에어 라인업이 있었지만, 인텔 에어는 그저 예쁜 쓰레기 정도 포지션으로 배터리도,발열도,성능도 잡지 못한 그냥 예쁘기만 하고 문서 편집이나 조금 하고 마는 라인업이었기 때문에, 고려 대상이 아니었다.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;이전에 사진 작업 때문에 아이맥을 1년정도 사용해 볼 때도 트랙패드가 생각보다 괜찮네~ 나 액정이나 스피커가 상당하다 정도 생각만 했지 이걸 메인으로 쓸 생각은 안들었다. 씽크패드와 빨콩에 대한 무한 애정과 더불어 한글 문서 작성하기에 영 불편하고, 한글 파일명이 자꾸 깨지는 OS 정도의 인식이었을 뿐. 그런데 동료의 맥북프로 사용을 보다보니 몇가지 생각 못한 포인트들이 있었다.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;우선, 충전기를 안들고 다닌다는거였다. 처음에 나는 그형이 충전기를 안들고 왔는지도 몰랐다. 노트북을 쓴다면, 기차나 버스같이 잠깐잠깐 쓰는게 아니라 내 고정된 자리가 있다면 충전기부터 꽂고 시작하는게 국룰이라 생각했는데, 만나고 한참 뒤에 어제밤에 충전을 못했다며 잠깐 충전기좀 빌려달라고 얘기했을때서야 이건 충전기가 필요 없는 물건이구나.. 라는 생각이 들었다.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;또 하나는, 언제나 펼치면 바로 사용된다 라는 것 이었다. 아이맥을 쓸 때도 맥은 전원을 끄는게 아니다 라는건 알고 있었지만 습관이 안돼서 창을 다 닫고, 슬립을 하거나 전원을 끄면서 사용했다. 윈도우 노트북을 사용할때는 항상 작업내역을 모두 저장하고, 전원을 끄고, 충전기를 빼고 가방에 넣었다. 다시 작업을 시작할때도 역순이었다. 카페에 가서 충전기 위치를 찾고, 자리에 앉아 전원을 키고, 음료를 시킨 뒤에 작업창을 다 열고나서야 무언가를 시작하는게 루틴이었다. 지나고 나니 윈도우 노트북도 비슷하게 사용하는 사람들이 많다는걸 알게 되긴 했지만, 몇번이고 가방속에서 알 수 없는 이유로 전원이 켜져 뜨-뜻 해진 노트북을 꺼내본 기억이 있어서 나는 마음이 불편하더라. 같이 어딘가를 이동하거나, 카페에 갔을때도 빠르게 노트북을 꺼내서 1~2분만에 수정하고, 학습을 돌리는 모습이 그냥 멋져 보였다.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;지금에야 맥북을 쓴다 해서 대단한 작업능력의 향상을 가져오는게 아니라는걸 잘 알고있지만, 당시만 해도 어떻게 하면 저 형을 따라해서 능률을 올려볼까 싶었기 때문에 나도 맥북을 사보겠다는 생각을 했다.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;2. 맥북프로를 사게 된 이유?&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;처음에는 당연히 맥북프로를 살 생각이 없었다. 물론 연구실에서 받는 돈을 잘 아껴서 노트북 정도는 살 수 있는 돈을 모았지만, 나에게 그렇게 비싼 기능이 필요한가 싶기도 하고, 잘 안맞았을때 언제라도 처분할 생각을 했기 때문에 m1 맥북 중고 정도가 적당해 보였다.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;당시 8~90 정도면 적당한 상태의 중고를 구할 수 있었던 상황에 이리저리 장터를 뒤져보다가 추석을 며칠 앞둔 새벽, 중고나라에 올라온 75만원짜리인가.. 매물에 연락을 해서 택배로 거래를 하기로 했다. 개-꿀 매물로 보였고, 더치트를 포함 이리저리 조회해 봤을 때도 별다른 이슈가 없었어서 맘 편하게 거래하고, 추석이 지난 후 받게 될 m1 에어와 즐거운 미래를 꿈꾸며 집으로 내려갔는데..&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;알고보니 나는 중고나라론을 당한거였다. 보내준 송장에 적힌 택배비가 너무 싼것을 보고 바로 연락했는데, 처음 몇번 말을 돌리던 판매자는 다른 판매물품과 착각해서 잘못 보냈다는 말을 했고, 며칠 더 기다리며 연락했을때 달라지는게 없었고, 내가 무이자 급전 ATM 이었다는 사실을 깨달았다. 그나마 다행인건 돈은 다 돌려받았다는건데, 거의 한달간 돈을 못받을까 하는 걱정과 이런놈한테 당했다는 것에 대한 분노로 스트레스를 많이 받았다.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;돈을 돌려받은 다음날 바로 맥북프로 14인치를 쿠팡에서 주문했다. 너무 약오르고 열받아서 이참에 그냥 질러버리자 라는 생각이었고, 더이상 이런거로시간 낭비하고 싶지 않았다.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;3. 결론&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;사용한지 일년 반쯤 되어가는 지금 노트북에 대한 후기를 남겨보자면, 대-만족이다.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;내가 생각하던것 이상의 성능을 보여주고, 불편할거라 생각했던 arm+맥 의 조합은 메인으로 쓰기에 아쉬움이 없었다. 물론 종종 증명서 따위를 떼는데에 문제가 있어 윈도우 PC를 켤 때가 있지만, 게임을 안하고 주로 사용하는 프로그램이 Chrome/Vscode(remote)/Lightroom 이 90%에 달하는 나같은 사용 패턴에서는 불편할 일이 없었다.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;가격표만 까먹는다면야, 아직까지도 감탄만 나오는 액정과 스피커에 5~6시간은 가뿐하게 버텨주는 배터리까지, 아쉬움이 하나 없는 성능을 보여준다. 파일이야 클라우드로 전송할일이 대부분이라 A 타입 usb의 부재에 대한 불편함은 크게 느끼지 못했고, HDMI나 SD 카드 슬롯은 유용하게 사용하고 있다.&amp;nbsp; M2, M3 리비전이 되었지만 플랫폼이 유지되어서 그닥 기변 욕심도 없고, 성능도 아직까지 모자람을 느끼지 못했기 때문에 취업을 한다 해도 한동안 노트북을 바꿀 일은 없지 않을까 생각한다.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;한가지 바라는것이라면, 애플케어가 끝나기 전에 배터리가 80% 아래로 내려가 줘서 교환 한번 했으면 하는 정도? 근데 쉽진 않을 것 같다.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;figure class=&quot;imageblock alignCenter&quot; data-ke-mobileStyle=&quot;widthOrigin&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;2560&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;2560&quot;&gt;&lt;span data-url=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/B1svP/btsBR8m9aC0/jRDusUsbsJBBvrJIgfr5V0/img.png&quot; data-phocus=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/B1svP/btsBR8m9aC0/jRDusUsbsJBBvrJIgfr5V0/img.png&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/B1svP/btsBR8m9aC0/jRDusUsbsJBBvrJIgfr5V0/img.png&quot; srcset=&quot;https://img1.daumcdn.net/thumb/R1280x0/?scode=mtistory2&amp;fname=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.kakaocdn.net%2Fdn%2FB1svP%2FbtsBR8m9aC0%2FjRDusUsbsJBBvrJIgfr5V0%2Fimg.png&quot; onerror=&quot;this.onerror=null; this.src='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png'; this.srcset='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png';&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot; width=&quot;2560&quot; height=&quot;2560&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;2560&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;2560&quot;/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/figure&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;맥북프로야~ 주인이랑 오래오래 행복하게 지내야 한다~~&lt;/p&gt;</description>
      <category>리뷰/물건</category>
      <author>daily-kim</author>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://de1030.tistory.com/19</guid>
      <comments>https://de1030.tistory.com/19#entry19comment</comments>
      <pubDate>Wed, 13 Dec 2023 01:30:47 +0900</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>로컬 환경에서 나만의 GPT를 구동해보자 llamafile</title>
      <link>https://de1030.tistory.com/18</link>
      <description>&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;졸업을 앞두고 이것저것 보다가 재밌는 영상을 봤다.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_tUDZdlehAk&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&amp;nbsp;noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_tUDZdlehAk&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;figure data-ke-type=&quot;video&quot; data-ke-style=&quot;alignCenter&quot; data-video-host=&quot;youtube&quot; data-video-url=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_tUDZdlehAk&quot; data-video-thumbnail=&quot;https://scrap.kakaocdn.net/dn/cLQJhQ/hyUIsBvK0a/hDTthEpqD6TPQxm5ubSheK/img.jpg?width=1280&amp;amp;height=720&amp;amp;face=0_0_1280_720&quot; data-video-width=&quot;860&quot; data-video-height=&quot;484&quot; data-video-origin-width=&quot;860&quot; data-video-origin-height=&quot;484&quot; data-ke-mobilestyle=&quot;widthContent&quot; data-original-url=&quot;&quot; data-video-title=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;iframe src=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/embed/_tUDZdlehAk&quot; width=&quot;860&quot; height=&quot;484&quot; frameborder=&quot;&quot; allowfullscreen=&quot;true&quot;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;
&lt;figcaption style=&quot;display: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/figcaption&gt;
&lt;/figure&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;연구실 형이 소개해줘서 종종 챙겨보는 유튜버인데, 엄청난 드립력과 딕션으로 최신 유행하는 내용들을 때려박아줘서 그냥 보기에도 재밌고 유익한 채널이다.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;NLP 전공은 아니지만 분명 핫한건 사실이기때문에, 최근 K-뭐시기 해커톤에 LLM 토이 프로젝트 경험차 팀으로 나가서 이리저리 테스트 해보면서 몇가지 놀란 포인트들이 있었다. (이건 쓰다보니 꽤 길어져서 다른 글로 분리할 생각이다.)&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;작은 모델로도 글을 만드는것 자체는 꽤나 잘 하는것 같고, 요즘 특히 보안이나 비용 이슈로 로컬에서 돌리는 소위 sLLM에 대한 수요가 있는 상황에 적절한 프로젝트라고 생각해서 주말을 사용해 탐구 겸 한국어 모델을 넣어서 빌드 해본 버전을 만들고 테스트 해 보았다.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;1. 그래서 llamafile이 뭔가?&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;figure class=&quot;imageblock alignCenter&quot; data-ke-mobileStyle=&quot;widthOrigin&quot; data-filename=&quot;2f51eb6622a50374cccd68ea1a0c0a5006df76dc.png&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;250&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;250&quot;&gt;&lt;span data-url=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/CFYVH/btsBOePth23/oy8FCbJdeG0XI0av4KxjP0/img.png&quot; data-phocus=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/CFYVH/btsBOePth23/oy8FCbJdeG0XI0av4KxjP0/img.png&quot; data-alt=&quot;라마가 파일안에 들어있다&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/CFYVH/btsBOePth23/oy8FCbJdeG0XI0av4KxjP0/img.png&quot; srcset=&quot;https://img1.daumcdn.net/thumb/R1280x0/?scode=mtistory2&amp;fname=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.kakaocdn.net%2Fdn%2FCFYVH%2FbtsBOePth23%2Foy8FCbJdeG0XI0av4KxjP0%2Fimg.png&quot; onerror=&quot;this.onerror=null; this.src='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png'; this.srcset='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png';&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot; width=&quot;250&quot; height=&quot;250&quot; data-filename=&quot;2f51eb6622a50374cccd68ea1a0c0a5006df76dc.png&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;250&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;250&quot;/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;figcaption&gt;라마가 파일안에 들어있다&lt;/figcaption&gt;
&lt;/figure&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;pre id=&quot;code_1702392192440&quot; class=&quot;mipsasm&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #f8f8f8; color: #383a42; text-align: start;&quot; data-ke-type=&quot;codeblock&quot; data-ke-language=&quot;bash&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;llamafile lets you distribute and run LLMs with a single file.&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;단순하게 말하면 LLM 을 하나의 파일로 구동하게 해주는 프로젝트다. 재밌는건 이걸 별다른 dependency 설치나, OS에 맞게 빌드 하는 과정을 거치지 않고 하나의 파일을 Linux/MacOS/Windows 에 가지고 가는 것 만으로 실행이 가능하다는 것이다.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;이걸 가능하게 하는건 &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/ggerganov/llama.cpp&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot;&gt;LLAMA.cpp&lt;/a&gt; 와 &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/jart/cosmopolitan&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot;&gt;cosmopolitan&lt;/a&gt; 이라는 두개의 프로젝트이다.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;figure class=&quot;imageblock alignCenter&quot; data-ke-mobileStyle=&quot;widthOrigin&quot; data-filename=&quot;230134379-7181e485-c521-4d23-a0d6-f7b3b61ba524.png&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;1500&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;500&quot;&gt;&lt;span data-url=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/bRnHut/btsBJgfsQSt/E1JfbpSv6KFvqeWi9xhQO0/img.png&quot; data-phocus=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/bRnHut/btsBJgfsQSt/E1JfbpSv6KFvqeWi9xhQO0/img.png&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/bRnHut/btsBJgfsQSt/E1JfbpSv6KFvqeWi9xhQO0/img.png&quot; srcset=&quot;https://img1.daumcdn.net/thumb/R1280x0/?scode=mtistory2&amp;fname=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.kakaocdn.net%2Fdn%2FbRnHut%2FbtsBJgfsQSt%2FE1JfbpSv6KFvqeWi9xhQO0%2Fimg.png&quot; onerror=&quot;this.onerror=null; this.src='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png'; this.srcset='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png';&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot; width=&quot;1500&quot; height=&quot;500&quot; data-filename=&quot;230134379-7181e485-c521-4d23-a0d6-f7b3b61ba524.png&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;1500&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;500&quot;/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/figure&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;LLAMA.cpp 는 LLAMA 모델을 C++로 포팅하는 프로젝트이다. &lt;span style=&quot;color: #333333; text-align: start;&quot;&gt;보통 모델을 학습/추론하게 하는데는 사용하는 Huggingspace / Pytorch 같은 라이브러리들과 당연하게 생각되는 CUDA 의존성 때문에, 막상 돌리려고 하면 꽤나 까다롭고 비 현실적인 면이 있는데, 이건 이 모든 내용을 종속성 없는 C/C++로 잡아보자는 생각에서 시작된 프로젝트이다.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #333333; text-align: start;&quot;&gt; 목표 자체가 MacOS 에서 LLAMA 모델을 돌려보자는 생각이었던 것 만큼 CUDA 뿐 아니라 (무려)Metal, OpenCL도 지원하고, 현재는 Quantization쪽에 상당한 기여를 하고있는 것으로 보인다. 프로젝트를&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;처음 봤을땐 그냥 반쯤 미친 매드 사이언티스트들의 뻘짓인가 싶었는데, LLAMA뿐 아니라 다양한 비주류 모델들도 지원하고, Quantization에서의 &lt;span style=&quot;color: #333333; text-align: start;&quot;&gt;GGUF 포맷&lt;/span&gt; 같은 것들을 하나씩 잡아가며 생각보다 더 어마어마한 규모로 프로젝트가 돌아가는 모양이다.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;figure class=&quot;imageblock alignCenter&quot; data-ke-mobileStyle=&quot;widthOrigin&quot; data-filename=&quot;honeybadger.png&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;1920&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;986&quot;&gt;&lt;span data-url=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/bHmq4P/btsBUJtCCJ3/fMtGirFOjVRq1GVemjPYSK/img.png&quot; data-phocus=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/bHmq4P/btsBUJtCCJ3/fMtGirFOjVRq1GVemjPYSK/img.png&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/bHmq4P/btsBUJtCCJ3/fMtGirFOjVRq1GVemjPYSK/img.png&quot; srcset=&quot;https://img1.daumcdn.net/thumb/R1280x0/?scode=mtistory2&amp;fname=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.kakaocdn.net%2Fdn%2FbHmq4P%2FbtsBUJtCCJ3%2FfMtGirFOjVRq1GVemjPYSK%2Fimg.png&quot; onerror=&quot;this.onerror=null; this.src='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png'; this.srcset='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png';&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot; width=&quot;1920&quot; height=&quot;986&quot; data-filename=&quot;honeybadger.png&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;1920&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;986&quot;/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/figure&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;Cosmopolitan 은 이번에 처음 봤는데, JVM 의 C 버전이다. 수업에서 JVM을 보면서 참 신기해 하고 이런건 고급언어에서나 가능한 일일거라 생각했는데, C/C++ 같은 언어들도 놀고만 있는건 아니었나 보다. 물론 사용자들이 기대하는 저레벨 언어에서의 성능은 나오지 않겠지만, 이번 플젝같은 상황에서는 크게 지장이 있을정도는 아닌 것 같다.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;lamafile 은 이것들을 잘 섞어서 하나의 파일로 OS 와 상관없이 LLM 추론 환경을 만들어준 뒤, 로컬 서버로 웹 클아이언트를 띄워주는 역할을 한다.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;2. 그래서 어떻게 쓰는가?&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;유튜브 영상에서 잘 설명되어 있지만, 사용하는 OS에 맞게 문서에 나와있는것들을 잘 맞춰주고, 실행하면 놀랍도록 쉽고 빠르게 실행된다. 내가 테스트 해본건 맥이랑 윈도우인데, 맥은 755 권한을 주고 실행, 윈도우는 파일명을 .exe로 바꿔준다음 실행하니 별다른 이슈 없이 실행되었다. 물론 GPU 가속을 위해서는 약간의 설치가 필요했고, Xcode / CUDA 등을 설치해 주면 된다고 한다.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;figure class=&quot;imageblock alignCenter&quot; data-ke-mobileStyle=&quot;widthOrigin&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;2724&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;1972&quot;&gt;&lt;span data-url=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/cD49pM/btsBVDmmzAe/eulvwc1QnepvVSEKMa14Hk/img.png&quot; data-phocus=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/cD49pM/btsBVDmmzAe/eulvwc1QnepvVSEKMa14Hk/img.png&quot; data-alt=&quot;실행하면 바로 다음과 같은 창이 웹브라우저로 열린다. 무려 metal 가속이 되고있다.&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/cD49pM/btsBVDmmzAe/eulvwc1QnepvVSEKMa14Hk/img.png&quot; srcset=&quot;https://img1.daumcdn.net/thumb/R1280x0/?scode=mtistory2&amp;fname=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.kakaocdn.net%2Fdn%2FcD49pM%2FbtsBVDmmzAe%2Feulvwc1QnepvVSEKMa14Hk%2Fimg.png&quot; onerror=&quot;this.onerror=null; this.src='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png'; this.srcset='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png';&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot; width=&quot;2724&quot; height=&quot;1972&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;2724&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;1972&quot;/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;figcaption&gt;실행하면 바로 다음과 같은 창이 웹브라우저로 열린다. 무려 metal 가속이 되고있다.&lt;/figcaption&gt;
&lt;/figure&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;3. 쓸만 한가?&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;이건 사실 llamafile 프로젝트라기보다 어떤 모델을 사용하냐에 따라 다를것 같다. 다만 내가 적용한 &lt;a href=&quot;https://huggingface.co/davidkim205/komt-mistral-7b-v1-gguf&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot;&gt;komt-mistral-7b&lt;/a&gt; 기준으로 본다면 그렇다고 보인다.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;figure class=&quot;imageblock alignCenter&quot; data-ke-mobileStyle=&quot;widthOrigin&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;1432&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;680&quot;&gt;&lt;span data-url=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/dQL3Yp/btsBOfgwWKV/Cgba8x8d5wNkvKaKAU3WDK/img.png&quot; data-phocus=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/dQL3Yp/btsBOfgwWKV/Cgba8x8d5wNkvKaKAU3WDK/img.png&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/dQL3Yp/btsBOfgwWKV/Cgba8x8d5wNkvKaKAU3WDK/img.png&quot; srcset=&quot;https://img1.daumcdn.net/thumb/R1280x0/?scode=mtistory2&amp;fname=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.kakaocdn.net%2Fdn%2FdQL3Yp%2FbtsBOfgwWKV%2FCgba8x8d5wNkvKaKAU3WDK%2Fimg.png&quot; onerror=&quot;this.onerror=null; this.src='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png'; this.srcset='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png';&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot; width=&quot;1432&quot; height=&quot;680&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;1432&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;680&quot;/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/figure&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;나온지 이미 오래된 14인치 맥북프로 기본형의 m1pro+16GB 상황에서도 토큰당 30ms 정도로 아주 우수한 성능을 보여준다. Prior knowledge에 대해 크게 기대하지 않기에 대단한 답변을 기대하는건 무리고, 말을 조리있게 한다 생각 정도는 든다.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;서비스 레벨에서 이걸 바로 사용하는건 분명 무리가 있지만, 모델을 학습해서 공유해주시는 감사한 분들이 본인들의 학습결과를 어필할때 사용자들에게 별다른 설치 없이 inference 해볼 수 있게 하는 목적으로는 너무 충분할 것 같다. 대충 보느라 구체적인 세팅을 모두 본건 아닌데, 빌드 과정에서 약간의 코드 수정으로도 prompt의 구조나 사전정의 prompt 설정등을 미리 해서 배포할 수 있기 때문에 이런 목적에서 굉장히 어필될 수 있을 것 같다.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;연구의 목적에도 간단히 모델을 학습해서 테스트 해보고 결과를 뽑아볼 수 있다는건 좋은 옵션일 것 같다. Gradio 같은 툴도 써봤지만, 프론트엔드 경험이 미천해서 그런지 세팅을 적용하는게 마냥 쉽지는 않았다. 이건 모델만 갖춰져 있다면 단순한 스크립트만으로 빌드 할 수 있어서 찐 연구자들에게도 쉽게 다가갈 수 있지 않을까 싶다.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;다만 나온지 얼마 되지 않은 GGUF 포맷으로 빌드 된 모델이 필요하다거나(처음에 시도한 Koalpaka-polyglot 모델은 llama.cpp 프로젝트에서 더이상 gptneox를 지원하지 않는다 해서 막혔다),&amp;nbsp; 4bit quantization 된 7b 모델도 여전히 4gb 남짓에 cpu 사용시 token 당 초단위의 시간이 걸린다는것을 생각하면 아직 나만의 local LLM! 까지는 약간 시간이 걸리지 않나 싶긴하다.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;여튼 꽤나 재미있는 프로젝트인것 같고, 몇가지 더 시도해 볼 수 있는 포인트들이 있는 것 같아 한번 테스트 해 봐야겠다!&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/daily-kim/llamafile_ko&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&amp;nbsp;noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://github.com/daily-kim/llamafile_ko&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</description>
      <category>공부</category>
      <category>ChatGPT</category>
      <category>KoAlpaca</category>
      <category>Llama</category>
      <category>llamafile</category>
      <category>llm</category>
      <author>daily-kim</author>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://de1030.tistory.com/18</guid>
      <comments>https://de1030.tistory.com/18#entry18comment</comments>
      <pubDate>Wed, 13 Dec 2023 00:34:43 +0900</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>나의 노트북 연대기 : 씽크패드.. 굿바이..</title>
      <link>https://de1030.tistory.com/15</link>
      <description>&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;얼마 전 구매한 맥북프로를 구매하게 된 계기를 좀 써보려다가, 노트북 구매 연대기를 정리해보면 재밌겠다 라는 생각이 들어 정리해봤다.&lt;br /&gt;어릴 때부터 게임은 안된다던 부모님의 가르침 하에 데스크톱을 가져본 적이 없는 나는, 그런다고 컴퓨터를 안쓸 수는 없으니 노트북을 사용해왔다. 뭔가 사는 것도 좋아하고, 구매에 있어선 어릴 적부터 책임을 지도록 배워와서 덕분에 꽤나 오랜 시간 내가 쓸 노트북을 스스로 결정하고 구매해왔다.&lt;br /&gt;그동안의 내 노트북 생활을 떠올려보면..&lt;br /&gt;1. (~2013) 아버지가 쓰고 넘겨준 삼성/엘지 노트북, 보통 내 것이 아니었음.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;figure class=&quot;imageblock alignCenter&quot; data-ke-mobileStyle=&quot;widthOrigin&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;545&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;640&quot;&gt;&lt;span data-url=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/mrvai/btrTSxK5wEu/ScTZqHEaZ8SQSMQnPkm5UK/img.jpg&quot; data-phocus=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/mrvai/btrTSxK5wEu/ScTZqHEaZ8SQSMQnPkm5UK/img.jpg&quot; data-alt=&quot;보통 이렇게 생겼다.. 하이글로시 상판, 믿음직한 대기업 로고, 하이마트/전자랜드에서 고른 펜티엄 cpu.. 세상에서 제일 구린 hd급 해상도의 tn 패널..&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/mrvai/btrTSxK5wEu/ScTZqHEaZ8SQSMQnPkm5UK/img.jpg&quot; srcset=&quot;https://img1.daumcdn.net/thumb/R1280x0/?scode=mtistory2&amp;fname=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.kakaocdn.net%2Fdn%2Fmrvai%2FbtrTSxK5wEu%2FScTZqHEaZ8SQSMQnPkm5UK%2Fimg.jpg&quot; onerror=&quot;this.onerror=null; this.src='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png'; this.srcset='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png';&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot; width=&quot;545&quot; height=&quot;640&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;545&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;640&quot;/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;figcaption&gt;보통 이렇게 생겼다.. 하이글로시 상판, 믿음직한 대기업 로고, 하이마트/전자랜드에서 고른 펜티엄 cpu.. 세상에서 제일 구린 hd급 해상도의 tn 패널..&lt;/figcaption&gt;
&lt;/figure&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;2. (2013~2014) Thinkpad E530&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;figure class=&quot;imageblock alignCenter&quot; data-ke-mobileStyle=&quot;widthOrigin&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;1280&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;853&quot;&gt;&lt;span data-url=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/Cbx05/btrTUDD2jK8/eQGqsr4ySKNP2UpQIViz4k/img.jpg&quot; data-phocus=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/Cbx05/btrTUDD2jK8/eQGqsr4ySKNP2UpQIViz4k/img.jpg&quot; data-alt=&quot;그래도 나름 애정을 많이줬던 친구였다.&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/Cbx05/btrTUDD2jK8/eQGqsr4ySKNP2UpQIViz4k/img.jpg&quot; srcset=&quot;https://img1.daumcdn.net/thumb/R1280x0/?scode=mtistory2&amp;fname=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.kakaocdn.net%2Fdn%2FCbx05%2FbtrTUDD2jK8%2FeQGqsr4ySKNP2UpQIViz4k%2Fimg.jpg&quot; onerror=&quot;this.onerror=null; this.src='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png'; this.srcset='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png';&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot; width=&quot;1280&quot; height=&quot;853&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;1280&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;853&quot;/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;figcaption&gt;그래도 나름 애정을 많이줬던 친구였다.&lt;/figcaption&gt;
&lt;/figure&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;고등학교에 올라가며 내 노트북을 처음으로 사게 되었다. 어릴때부터 가져왔던 씽크패드에 대한 환상, 15.6인치의 나름 대-화면, 아이비브리지 i5의 나름 초-호화 스펙의 노트북을 50 내외로 구매해서 무척이나 기분이 좋았던 것 같다.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;빨콩 하나는 기가막혔지만, 툭 치면 금이 가는 싸구려 플라스틱 바디, 2.4kg에 달하는 묵직한 무게, 보면 볼수록 느껴지는 엔트리 모델 한계의 환장 조합으로, 2년이 채 안 되는 고등학교 생활을 버티지 못하고 액정과 하판이 분리되는 불쌍한 물생을 마무리했다.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;3. (2015~2020) Thinkpad X220&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;figure class=&quot;imageblock alignCenter&quot; data-ke-mobileStyle=&quot;widthOrigin&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;1280&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;853&quot;&gt;&lt;span data-url=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/W60pD/btrTZyIHMWd/NL6wprJUppaX6FCGLsPeo1/img.jpg&quot; data-phocus=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/W60pD/btrTZyIHMWd/NL6wprJUppaX6FCGLsPeo1/img.jpg&quot; data-alt=&quot;오자마자 깨진 왼쪽 베젤이 안쓰럽다..&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/W60pD/btrTZyIHMWd/NL6wprJUppaX6FCGLsPeo1/img.jpg&quot; srcset=&quot;https://img1.daumcdn.net/thumb/R1280x0/?scode=mtistory2&amp;fname=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.kakaocdn.net%2Fdn%2FW60pD%2FbtrTZyIHMWd%2FNL6wprJUppaX6FCGLsPeo1%2Fimg.jpg&quot; onerror=&quot;this.onerror=null; this.src='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png'; this.srcset='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png';&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot; width=&quot;1280&quot; height=&quot;853&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;1280&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;853&quot;/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;figcaption&gt;오자마자 깨진 왼쪽 베젤이 안쓰럽다..&lt;/figcaption&gt;
&lt;/figure&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;지난 E530에서 뼈저리게 느낀 엔트리모델의 설움. 씽크패드에 대한 애정으로 X/T 시리즈를 구매하고 싶었지만.. 용돈으로는 가끔 치킨값이나 받아 다 써버렸고, 공짜 학비에 용돈까지 주는 멋진 대학에 가지 못하고 값비싼 사립대학에 진학한 나는, 당시 X250/T450 모델들은 당연히 꿈도 꿀 수 없는 지경이었다. 그런 내 눈에 들어온 게 바로 X220이다.&lt;br /&gt;IBM물이 다 빠지기 전의 구형 씽크패드의 멋, 아직도 최고라고 생각하는 빨콩+7열 키보드, 마그네슘 롤케이지 프레임, 12인치/1kg 초반의 초소형&amp;middot;초경량 바디, 위에서 물을 부으면 배수구를 통해 줄줄 흘러나오는(&lt;a href=&quot;https://youtu.be/d7cvi00OZDM&quot;&gt;https://youtu.be/d7cvi00OZDM&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;지금봐도&lt;/span&gt; 정말 멋지다. 심지어 내가 사용하면서도 물을 그대로 쏟은 적이 있는데 아무런 이상 없이 살아났다.).. 그야말로 공돌이의 마음을 저격한 비즈니스 노트북의 최고봉 X 바디를 단돈 20만 원에 구매할 수 있던 절호의 기회..&lt;br /&gt;이베이에서 열심히 물 건너 온 노트북을 그렇게 이리저리 고쳐가며 5년을 썼다. 구매 당시에도 이미 중고에 한물간 샌디브리지 노트북이었지만, 당시 저전력을 추구한 5~6세대 u 시리즈 cpu와 달리 노트북들과 달리 낭낭한 TDP를 자랑하는 m 시리즈 cpu를 사용했던 덕분에 전원선만 꽂아주면 나름 쌩쌩하게 돌아갔다.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;figure class=&quot;imageblock alignCenter&quot; data-ke-mobileStyle=&quot;widthOrigin&quot; data-filename=&quot;blob&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;1280&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;960&quot;&gt;&lt;span data-url=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/R7cXQ/btrT6Ya1owK/WAYw2EDrOtdBRUotJfTk6k/img.png&quot; data-phocus=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/R7cXQ/btrT6Ya1owK/WAYw2EDrOtdBRUotJfTk6k/img.png&quot; data-alt=&quot;넥서스7을 태블릿으로 쓰던 때인것 같다.&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/R7cXQ/btrT6Ya1owK/WAYw2EDrOtdBRUotJfTk6k/img.png&quot; srcset=&quot;https://img1.daumcdn.net/thumb/R1280x0/?scode=mtistory2&amp;fname=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.kakaocdn.net%2Fdn%2FR7cXQ%2FbtrT6Ya1owK%2FWAYw2EDrOtdBRUotJfTk6k%2Fimg.png&quot; onerror=&quot;this.onerror=null; this.src='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png'; this.srcset='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png';&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot; width=&quot;1280&quot; height=&quot;960&quot; data-filename=&quot;blob&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;1280&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;960&quot;/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;figcaption&gt;넥서스7을 태블릿으로 쓰던 때인것 같다.&lt;/figcaption&gt;
&lt;/figure&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;생각해 보면 대학생활 내내 중요한 순간들에는 이 친구가 함께했다. 구리다 못해 엑셀과 워드 이외엔 봐주지 못할 수준의 디스플레이 덕분에 항상 멀쩡한 패널을 가진 태블릿/핸드폰으로 색을 봐가며 사진을 보정했고, usb 3.0 카드에, ssd, ram 업그레이드, 상하판 베젤을 다 갈아엎어가며 사용했다.&amp;nbsp;심지어 키보드는 적출해서 외장 블루투스 키보드로 지금까지 잘 쓰고 있을 정도니... 정말 고마울 따름이다.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;figure class=&quot;imageblock alignCenter&quot; data-ke-mobileStyle=&quot;widthOrigin&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;1280&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;1280&quot;&gt;&lt;span data-url=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/cy7khk/btrT97Y42s8/OR3kdtNAwDoCyuFTDTKqK0/img.jpg&quot; data-phocus=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/cy7khk/btrT97Y42s8/OR3kdtNAwDoCyuFTDTKqK0/img.jpg&quot; data-alt=&quot;타오바오에서 직구한 3d 프린팅 바디의 블루투스 개조 키트, 적출한 키보드를 사용중이다.&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/cy7khk/btrT97Y42s8/OR3kdtNAwDoCyuFTDTKqK0/img.jpg&quot; srcset=&quot;https://img1.daumcdn.net/thumb/R1280x0/?scode=mtistory2&amp;fname=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.kakaocdn.net%2Fdn%2Fcy7khk%2FbtrT97Y42s8%2FOR3kdtNAwDoCyuFTDTKqK0%2Fimg.jpg&quot; onerror=&quot;this.onerror=null; this.src='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png'; this.srcset='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png';&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot; width=&quot;1280&quot; height=&quot;1280&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;1280&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;1280&quot;/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;figcaption&gt;타오바오에서 직구한 3d 프린팅 바디의 블루투스 개조 키트, 적출한 키보드를 사용중이다.&lt;/figcaption&gt;
&lt;/figure&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;4. (2020~2022) Thinkpad X280&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;figure class=&quot;imageblock alignCenter&quot; data-ke-mobileStyle=&quot;widthOrigin&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;1280&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;1706&quot;&gt;&lt;span data-url=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/bssH7u/btrUdgtI38w/yGRv9scROT1QcQBXesHobK/img.jpg&quot; data-phocus=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/bssH7u/btrUdgtI38w/yGRv9scROT1QcQBXesHobK/img.jpg&quot; data-alt=&quot;의도한건 아니지만..또 영문키보드다&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/bssH7u/btrUdgtI38w/yGRv9scROT1QcQBXesHobK/img.jpg&quot; srcset=&quot;https://img1.daumcdn.net/thumb/R1280x0/?scode=mtistory2&amp;fname=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.kakaocdn.net%2Fdn%2FbssH7u%2FbtrUdgtI38w%2FyGRv9scROT1QcQBXesHobK%2Fimg.jpg&quot; onerror=&quot;this.onerror=null; this.src='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png'; this.srcset='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png';&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot; width=&quot;1280&quot; height=&quot;1706&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;1280&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;1706&quot;/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;figcaption&gt;의도한건 아니지만..또 영문키보드다&lt;/figcaption&gt;
&lt;/figure&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;무려 5년 만의 노트북 구매. 10세대용 노트북 cpu가 나오던 시기였지만 8세대 cpu를 사용한 노트북을 구매했다. 왜냐.. 돈이 없었기 때문이다...&lt;br /&gt;전역하고(사실 중고장터를 뒤지다가 전역 직전에 휴가 나와서 구매했다) 달리 모아둔 돈이 있나.. 그런다고 전역도 한 판국에 손 벌리기도 그렇고.. 이미 씽크패드를 써오며 노트북의 완성도에 대해 한없이 높아진 눈을 가지게 된 나에게 돈이 없다고 MSI, 한성, 레노버의 엔트리 노트북을 산다는 생각은 해 본 적도 없었다.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;한정된 예산 하에 가장 멋진 씽크패드를 사고 싶었는데.. T 시리즈는 거의 2kg에 육박하고, X1 카본 시리즈는 여전히 너~~ 무 비싸고.. 13인치가 된 9세대 X시리즈는 중고 매물도, 가격도 맞지 않았다.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;결국 또 12인치 X시리즈를 잡아왔는데, 결론적으로 말하면 꽤나 만족스러운 노트북이었다. 지금 와서야 이걸 어떻게 썼나.. 생각이 들지만, 준수한 액정, 여전히 괜찮은 키보드, 가볍고 pd 충전에 적당한 배터리까지.. 대학시절에야 당연히 잘 썼고, 대학원 졸업할 때까지도 잘 쓸 수 있겠다 싶었다.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;figure class=&quot;imagegridblock&quot;&gt;
  &lt;div class=&quot;image-container&quot;&gt;&lt;span data-url=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/bjgh2A/btrT6YhLwW3/qS7IK18t8kB5u6dtRLKGU1/img.png&quot; data-phocus=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/bjgh2A/btrT6YhLwW3/qS7IK18t8kB5u6dtRLKGU1/img.png&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;1280&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;960&quot; data-is-animation=&quot;false&quot; data-widthpercent=&quot;57.14&quot; data-filename=&quot;blob&quot; style=&quot;width: 56.4784%; margin-right: 10px;&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/bjgh2A/btrT6YhLwW3/qS7IK18t8kB5u6dtRLKGU1/img.png&quot; srcset=&quot;https://img1.daumcdn.net/thumb/R1280x0/?scode=mtistory2&amp;amp;fname=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.kakaocdn.net%2Fdn%2Fbjgh2A%2FbtrT6YhLwW3%2FqS7IK18t8kB5u6dtRLKGU1%2Fimg.png&quot; onerror=&quot;this.onerror=null; this.src='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png'; this.srcset='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png';&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot; width=&quot;1280&quot; height=&quot;960&quot;/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span data-url=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/b6AADS/btrUatOhkAS/u2CsyxdTEGsNtEkA5V5Kfk/img.jpg&quot; data-phocus=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/b6AADS/btrUatOhkAS/u2CsyxdTEGsNtEkA5V5Kfk/img.jpg&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;1280&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;1280&quot; data-is-animation=&quot;false&quot; style=&quot;width: 42.3588%;&quot; data-widthpercent=&quot;42.86&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/b6AADS/btrUatOhkAS/u2CsyxdTEGsNtEkA5V5Kfk/img.jpg&quot; srcset=&quot;https://img1.daumcdn.net/thumb/R1280x0/?scode=mtistory2&amp;amp;fname=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.kakaocdn.net%2Fdn%2Fb6AADS%2FbtrUatOhkAS%2Fu2CsyxdTEGsNtEkA5V5Kfk%2Fimg.jpg&quot; onerror=&quot;this.onerror=null; this.src='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png'; this.srcset='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png';&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot; width=&quot;1280&quot; height=&quot;1280&quot;/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/figure&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;집에서는 모니터를 쓰니 12인치의 액정도 그리 문제가 되지 않았고, 밖에 나가서 작업할 때 빨콩으로 콤팩트하게 공간을 쓰며 역시 씽크패드다, 잘 선택했다 하며&amp;nbsp; 씽크패드 팬심을 매일매일 키워가고 있었다. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;대학원 동기의 맥북프로를 보기 전까지..&lt;br /&gt;(다음화에 계속..)&lt;/p&gt;</description>
      <category>리뷰/물건</category>
      <category>e530</category>
      <category>thinkpad</category>
      <category>X220</category>
      <category>X280</category>
      <category>노트북</category>
      <category>노트북 구매후기</category>
      <category>씽크패드</category>
      <author>daily-kim</author>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://de1030.tistory.com/15</guid>
      <comments>https://de1030.tistory.com/15#entry15comment</comments>
      <pubDate>Wed, 21 Dec 2022 03:23:30 +0900</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>[FILM] 2022년, 수원의 여름과 대전의 가을</title>
      <link>https://de1030.tistory.com/14</link>
      <description>&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;오랜만에 묵혀둔 필름을 현상했다.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;되도록이면 같은 현상소에서 오래오래 사진을 맡기고 싶어서 대전에 내려온 이후에도 현상은 계속해서 중앙칼라에 보내고 있다.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;문제는 바쁘기도 하고, 사진을 그렇게 열정적으로 찍지도 않아서 한롤을 찍는데 꽤나 오랜 시간이 걸린다는 거다. 심지어 한 롤 찍고 바로 보내기엔 귀찮고 아까워서 꼭 두 롤 정도는 찍은 후 보내게 되기 때문에... 결국 여름에서 가을까지 한 롤, 가을에서 겨울까지 한 롤을 다 찍고 나서 보내게 되었다.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;필름을 꽤나 많이 사둬서 진짜 생활비가 바닥나서 필름을 팔아야 할 상황이 오거나, 정전으로 냉장고가 다 녹아버려 필름이 물에 잠기지 않는 이상 몇 년은 신나게 찍을 수 있을 것 같긴 한데, 여전히 필름 한롤 한롤을 꺼내는 데에는 많은 고민이 들고, 제일 싼 코닥 골드에 손이 많이 간다.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;덕분에 필름은 코닥 골드 200, 카메라는 올림푸스 mju zoom&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;figure class=&quot;imageblock alignCenter&quot; data-ke-mobileStyle=&quot;widthOrigin&quot; data-filename=&quot;000001.jpg&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;3035&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;2043&quot;&gt;&lt;span data-url=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/2sY5m/btrTsnIy43L/gz1fj2Yeu3fJLKwar62pc1/img.jpg&quot; data-phocus=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/2sY5m/btrTsnIy43L/gz1fj2Yeu3fJLKwar62pc1/img.jpg&quot; data-alt=&quot;똑딱이는 셔터스피드를 몰라서 더 매력적이기도 하다. 잔상을 의도하진 않았다.&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/2sY5m/btrTsnIy43L/gz1fj2Yeu3fJLKwar62pc1/img.jpg&quot; srcset=&quot;https://img1.daumcdn.net/thumb/R1280x0/?scode=mtistory2&amp;fname=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.kakaocdn.net%2Fdn%2F2sY5m%2FbtrTsnIy43L%2Fgz1fj2Yeu3fJLKwar62pc1%2Fimg.jpg&quot; onerror=&quot;this.onerror=null; this.src='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png'; this.srcset='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png';&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot; width=&quot;3035&quot; height=&quot;2043&quot; data-filename=&quot;000001.jpg&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;3035&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;2043&quot;/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;figcaption&gt;똑딱이는 셔터스피드를 몰라서 더 매력적이기도 하다. 잔상을 의도하진 않았다.&lt;/figcaption&gt;
&lt;/figure&gt;
&lt;figure class=&quot;imageblock alignCenter&quot; data-ke-mobileStyle=&quot;widthOrigin&quot; data-filename=&quot;000007.jpg&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;3035&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;2043&quot;&gt;&lt;span data-url=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/wA8eR/btrTsd0miHD/JYhWxM3dM0jgRpvJeezFiK/img.jpg&quot; data-phocus=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/wA8eR/btrTsd0miHD/JYhWxM3dM0jgRpvJeezFiK/img.jpg&quot; data-alt=&quot;정말 오랜만에 찾아간 율전, 엔센터뷰는 언제나 좋다&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/wA8eR/btrTsd0miHD/JYhWxM3dM0jgRpvJeezFiK/img.jpg&quot; srcset=&quot;https://img1.daumcdn.net/thumb/R1280x0/?scode=mtistory2&amp;fname=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.kakaocdn.net%2Fdn%2FwA8eR%2FbtrTsd0miHD%2FJYhWxM3dM0jgRpvJeezFiK%2Fimg.jpg&quot; onerror=&quot;this.onerror=null; this.src='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png'; this.srcset='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png';&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot; width=&quot;3035&quot; height=&quot;2043&quot; data-filename=&quot;000007.jpg&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;3035&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;2043&quot;/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;figcaption&gt;정말 오랜만에 찾아간 율전, 엔센터뷰는 언제나 좋다&lt;/figcaption&gt;
&lt;/figure&gt;
&lt;figure class=&quot;imageblock alignCenter&quot; data-ke-mobileStyle=&quot;widthOrigin&quot; data-filename=&quot;000009.jpg&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;2900&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;1952&quot;&gt;&lt;span data-url=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/7QiCb/btrTmYbLkSn/49TsUUikofxkHINSrw0p1k/img.jpg&quot; data-phocus=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/7QiCb/btrTmYbLkSn/49TsUUikofxkHINSrw0p1k/img.jpg&quot; data-alt=&quot;졸업식, 무척 더웠다.&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/7QiCb/btrTmYbLkSn/49TsUUikofxkHINSrw0p1k/img.jpg&quot; srcset=&quot;https://img1.daumcdn.net/thumb/R1280x0/?scode=mtistory2&amp;fname=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.kakaocdn.net%2Fdn%2F7QiCb%2FbtrTmYbLkSn%2F49TsUUikofxkHINSrw0p1k%2Fimg.jpg&quot; onerror=&quot;this.onerror=null; this.src='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png'; this.srcset='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png';&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot; width=&quot;2900&quot; height=&quot;1952&quot; data-filename=&quot;000009.jpg&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;2900&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;1952&quot;/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;figcaption&gt;졸업식, 무척 더웠다.&lt;/figcaption&gt;
&lt;/figure&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;정옥이 형 졸업식으로 찾아간 율전, 정말 엄청나게 더워서 사진을 찍을 생각조차 안들었다. 그래도 정옥이 형 카메라로 졸업사진은 많이 많이 남겨줬으니 된 거 아닐까?&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;figure class=&quot;imageblock alignCenter&quot; data-ke-mobileStyle=&quot;widthOrigin&quot; data-filename=&quot;000011.jpg&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;1917&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;2848&quot;&gt;&lt;span data-url=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/G4WTC/btrTtgP4o5Z/egX3AP2ILcnKnc9ZX1emj1/img.jpg&quot; data-phocus=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/G4WTC/btrTtgP4o5Z/egX3AP2ILcnKnc9ZX1emj1/img.jpg&quot; data-alt=&quot;날짜는 기억이 안나지만.. 분명 2022년이 맞다. 생각해보면 저기 살 생각도 했는데, 정말 큰일날뻔했다.&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/G4WTC/btrTtgP4o5Z/egX3AP2ILcnKnc9ZX1emj1/img.jpg&quot; srcset=&quot;https://img1.daumcdn.net/thumb/R1280x0/?scode=mtistory2&amp;fname=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.kakaocdn.net%2Fdn%2FG4WTC%2FbtrTtgP4o5Z%2FegX3AP2ILcnKnc9ZX1emj1%2Fimg.jpg&quot; onerror=&quot;this.onerror=null; this.src='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png'; this.srcset='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png';&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot; width=&quot;1917&quot; height=&quot;2848&quot; data-filename=&quot;000011.jpg&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;1917&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;2848&quot;/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;figcaption&gt;날짜는 기억이 안나지만.. 분명 2022년이 맞다. 생각해보면 저기 살 생각도 했는데, 정말 큰일날뻔했다.&lt;/figcaption&gt;
&lt;/figure&gt;
&lt;figure class=&quot;imageblock alignCenter&quot; data-ke-mobileStyle=&quot;widthOrigin&quot; data-filename=&quot;000016.jpg&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;1897&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;2818&quot;&gt;&lt;span data-url=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/WKFmB/btrTukxpF6F/thQwsUfgpJo1fugB4Iu6gk/img.jpg&quot; data-phocus=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/WKFmB/btrTukxpF6F/thQwsUfgpJo1fugB4Iu6gk/img.jpg&quot; data-alt=&quot;가끔 맛있는 냄새가 나는 장어집, 사악한 가격에 들어가볼 생각은 못해봤다.&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/WKFmB/btrTukxpF6F/thQwsUfgpJo1fugB4Iu6gk/img.jpg&quot; srcset=&quot;https://img1.daumcdn.net/thumb/R1280x0/?scode=mtistory2&amp;fname=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.kakaocdn.net%2Fdn%2FWKFmB%2FbtrTukxpF6F%2FthQwsUfgpJo1fugB4Iu6gk%2Fimg.jpg&quot; onerror=&quot;this.onerror=null; this.src='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png'; this.srcset='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png';&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot; width=&quot;1897&quot; height=&quot;2818&quot; data-filename=&quot;000016.jpg&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;1897&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;2818&quot;/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;figcaption&gt;가끔 맛있는 냄새가 나는 장어집, 사악한 가격에 들어가볼 생각은 못해봤다.&lt;/figcaption&gt;
&lt;/figure&gt;
&lt;figure class=&quot;imageblock alignCenter&quot; data-ke-mobileStyle=&quot;widthOrigin&quot; data-filename=&quot;000018.jpg&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;2043&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;3035&quot;&gt;&lt;span data-url=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/beZhzQ/btrTvjrnxvQ/g0OmdHuabbM0OCDkun70k0/img.jpg&quot; data-phocus=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/beZhzQ/btrTvjrnxvQ/g0OmdHuabbM0OCDkun70k0/img.jpg&quot; data-alt=&quot;종종 가는 카페, 사람이 없어서 좋다.&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/beZhzQ/btrTvjrnxvQ/g0OmdHuabbM0OCDkun70k0/img.jpg&quot; srcset=&quot;https://img1.daumcdn.net/thumb/R1280x0/?scode=mtistory2&amp;fname=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.kakaocdn.net%2Fdn%2FbeZhzQ%2FbtrTvjrnxvQ%2Fg0OmdHuabbM0OCDkun70k0%2Fimg.jpg&quot; onerror=&quot;this.onerror=null; this.src='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png'; this.srcset='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png';&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot; width=&quot;2043&quot; height=&quot;3035&quot; data-filename=&quot;000018.jpg&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;2043&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;3035&quot;/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;figcaption&gt;종종 가는 카페, 사람이 없어서 좋다.&lt;/figcaption&gt;
&lt;/figure&gt;
&lt;figure class=&quot;imageblock alignCenter&quot; data-ke-mobileStyle=&quot;widthOrigin&quot; data-filename=&quot;000030.jpg&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;1885&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;2800&quot;&gt;&lt;span data-url=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/pu1W9/btrTtYg2h41/mlEUUkTKdnvlo3MKumgTMk/img.jpg&quot; data-phocus=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/pu1W9/btrTtYg2h41/mlEUUkTKdnvlo3MKumgTMk/img.jpg&quot; data-alt=&quot;집 뒷골목, 카메라를 달랑달랑 들고다니면 가끔 좋은 사진을 찍을 수 있다.&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/pu1W9/btrTtYg2h41/mlEUUkTKdnvlo3MKumgTMk/img.jpg&quot; srcset=&quot;https://img1.daumcdn.net/thumb/R1280x0/?scode=mtistory2&amp;fname=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.kakaocdn.net%2Fdn%2Fpu1W9%2FbtrTtYg2h41%2FmlEUUkTKdnvlo3MKumgTMk%2Fimg.jpg&quot; onerror=&quot;this.onerror=null; this.src='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png'; this.srcset='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png';&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot; width=&quot;1885&quot; height=&quot;2800&quot; data-filename=&quot;000030.jpg&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;1885&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;2800&quot;/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;figcaption&gt;집 뒷골목, 카메라를 달랑달랑 들고다니면 가끔 좋은 사진을 찍을 수 있다.&lt;/figcaption&gt;
&lt;/figure&gt;
&lt;figure class=&quot;imageblock alignCenter&quot; data-ke-mobileStyle=&quot;widthOrigin&quot; data-filename=&quot;000035.jpg&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;2043&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;3035&quot;&gt;&lt;span data-url=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/cAHwoa/btrTtXPYI9c/nD2SKuTs8gS1TrxBQJf7S0/img.jpg&quot; data-phocus=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/cAHwoa/btrTtXPYI9c/nD2SKuTs8gS1TrxBQJf7S0/img.jpg&quot; data-alt=&quot;매일은 아니지만 자주보는 갑천, 가끔 일찍 들어올때면 적당히 노을진 아파트와 천변이 무척이나 예쁘게 보일때가 있다.&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/cAHwoa/btrTtXPYI9c/nD2SKuTs8gS1TrxBQJf7S0/img.jpg&quot; srcset=&quot;https://img1.daumcdn.net/thumb/R1280x0/?scode=mtistory2&amp;fname=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.kakaocdn.net%2Fdn%2FcAHwoa%2FbtrTtXPYI9c%2FnD2SKuTs8gS1TrxBQJf7S0%2Fimg.jpg&quot; onerror=&quot;this.onerror=null; this.src='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png'; this.srcset='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png';&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot; width=&quot;2043&quot; height=&quot;3035&quot; data-filename=&quot;000035.jpg&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;2043&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;3035&quot;/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;figcaption&gt;매일은 아니지만 자주보는 갑천, 가끔 일찍 들어올때면 적당히 노을진 아파트와 천변이 무척이나 예쁘게 보일때가 있다.&lt;/figcaption&gt;
&lt;/figure&gt;
&lt;figure class=&quot;imageblock alignCenter&quot; data-ke-mobileStyle=&quot;widthOrigin&quot; data-filename=&quot;000038.jpg&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;3035&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;2043&quot;&gt;&lt;span data-url=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/J2qnZ/btrTsd0myIx/OeaqxEO2KCxjfwds9n7fQk/img.jpg&quot; data-phocus=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/J2qnZ/btrTsd0myIx/OeaqxEO2KCxjfwds9n7fQk/img.jpg&quot; data-alt=&quot;광역시 스타일의 조형물.. 알고보니 국화축제용 이었더라..&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/J2qnZ/btrTsd0myIx/OeaqxEO2KCxjfwds9n7fQk/img.jpg&quot; srcset=&quot;https://img1.daumcdn.net/thumb/R1280x0/?scode=mtistory2&amp;fname=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.kakaocdn.net%2Fdn%2FJ2qnZ%2FbtrTsd0myIx%2FOeaqxEO2KCxjfwds9n7fQk%2Fimg.jpg&quot; onerror=&quot;this.onerror=null; this.src='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png'; this.srcset='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png';&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot; width=&quot;3035&quot; height=&quot;2043&quot; data-filename=&quot;000038.jpg&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;3035&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;2043&quot;/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;figcaption&gt;광역시 스타일의 조형물.. 알고보니 국화축제용 이었더라..&lt;/figcaption&gt;
&lt;/figure&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;전주에서 태어나서 인생의 반 이상을 지방 소도시에서 자라온 내가 할 말은 아니지만, 대전에서 10달을 살아본 결과 느껴지는 건 여긴 무척이나 여유로운 도시다.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;사실 내 삶이 썩 여유롭지 않을 때는 그다지 느끼지 못할 때도 많지만, 수원-서울-수원을 거치며 만 7년을 살아본 수도권에 비하면 다들 여유로워 보이는 감이 있다. 녹지도 참 많고, 인도도 차도도 넓다. 아이들도 많이 보이고, 할머니 할아버지들이 평일과 주말을 가리지 않고 자주 휘적휘적 걸어 다니시는 걸 보면 괜스레 마음이 여유로워지곤 한다.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;계절감이라는 개념도 여기와서 처음 겪어보는 것 같다. 꽃이 피고 지고, 사람들의 옷이 바뀌는 걸 구경하다 보면 단풍이 들고 또 진다. 잘 하고 있으면서도 &amp;nbsp;조급해지기 딱 좋은 2년짜리 대학원 생활이지만 덕분에 가끔 여유를 가질 수 있어 좋다. 여자 친구를 자주 못 보게 되는 일은 참 미안하기도 하고 아쉽기도 하지만, 그래도 포항이 아닌 게 어딘가.. 하는 생각을 하기도 하고, 여튼 짧지만 만족스러운 장소이다.&lt;/p&gt;</description>
      <category>사진</category>
      <author>daily-kim</author>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://de1030.tistory.com/14</guid>
      <comments>https://de1030.tistory.com/14#entry14comment</comments>
      <pubDate>Tue, 13 Dec 2022 00:12:06 +0900</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>[FILM] 유효기간 지난 Kodak max 400</title>
      <link>https://de1030.tistory.com/13</link>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;&lt;figure class=&quot;imagegridblock&quot;&gt;
  &lt;div class=&quot;image-container&quot;&gt;&lt;span data-url=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/c2rWIn/btrLNv2d8IX/k7gr1fo7SBrGRKtOl1IHkk/img.jpg&quot; data-phocus=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/c2rWIn/btrLNv2d8IX/k7gr1fo7SBrGRKtOl1IHkk/img.jpg&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;1280&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;1280&quot; data-is-animation=&quot;false&quot; width=&quot;616&quot; height=&quot;616&quot; style=&quot;width: 49.4186%; margin-right: 10px;&quot; data-widthpercent=&quot;50&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/c2rWIn/btrLNv2d8IX/k7gr1fo7SBrGRKtOl1IHkk/img.jpg&quot; srcset=&quot;https://img1.daumcdn.net/thumb/R1280x0/?scode=mtistory2&amp;amp;fname=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.kakaocdn.net%2Fdn%2Fc2rWIn%2FbtrLNv2d8IX%2Fk7gr1fo7SBrGRKtOl1IHkk%2Fimg.jpg&quot; onerror=&quot;this.onerror=null; this.src='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png'; this.srcset='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png';&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot; width=&quot;1280&quot; height=&quot;1280&quot;/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span data-url=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/zp23P/btrLZyJsVJV/E8K4YatGK657MbXLvTSLYk/img.jpg&quot; data-phocus=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/zp23P/btrLZyJsVJV/E8K4YatGK657MbXLvTSLYk/img.jpg&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;1280&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;1280&quot; data-is-animation=&quot;false&quot; style=&quot;width: 49.4186%;&quot; data-widthpercent=&quot;50&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/zp23P/btrLZyJsVJV/E8K4YatGK657MbXLvTSLYk/img.jpg&quot; srcset=&quot;https://img1.daumcdn.net/thumb/R1280x0/?scode=mtistory2&amp;amp;fname=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.kakaocdn.net%2Fdn%2Fzp23P%2FbtrLZyJsVJV%2FE8K4YatGK657MbXLvTSLYk%2Fimg.jpg&quot; onerror=&quot;this.onerror=null; this.src='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png'; this.srcset='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png';&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot; width=&quot;1280&quot; height=&quot;1280&quot;/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/figure&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;작년에 XA를 사면서, 당근 아저씨가 뒤져보니 있었다~ 하면서 필름을 하나 줬다.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;Kodak MAX. 아마 최근에 판매되는 ultramax 의 이전 버전이지 않을까, 생각이 든다.&amp;nbsp; &lt;br /&gt;무려 전천후 필름, 자동카메라/줌 카메라 용으로 ISO 는 400 이었겠지만, 유효기간이 20년 가까이 지나가는 와중에 큰 의미가 있진 않을 것 같다.&lt;br /&gt;요즘 유효기간이 지난 필름이 유행아닌 유행이라고들 하던데, 사실 나는 별로 관심은 없다. 필름은 아무리 자동 카메라를 사용한다 해도 한장한장 신경써서 찍게되는데, 그렇게 찍은 사진을 랜덤에 맞겨야 한다는게 썩 맘에 들진 않아서 그렇다.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;어차피 받기 전부터 충분히 맛이 갔을 것 같기도 하고, 이걸 굳이 냉장고에 보관해야 하나.. 하는 생각이 들어 그냥 방치해 두다가 얼마전에 심심해서 한번 XA 에 넣고 다녀봤다.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;두스탑~두스탑 반 정도 낮춰서 100과 75 그 사이 어딘가쯤에 맞추고는 사진전도 가고, 길거리도 찍고 하면서 열심히 찍었는데, 문제는 중간에 카메라를 떨어트렸다는거다. &lt;br /&gt;카메라야 다행히 멀쩡한 것 같지만, 78년산 할아버지 카메라는 아주 살짝의 충격에도 카운터를 놓쳐버렸고, 0으로 초기화된 카운터에 놀라서 필름백을 열어버린탓에 빛 받은 놈들은 저 멀리 날아가버렸다.&lt;br /&gt;몇장 찍은지도 몰라서 적당히 로딩해서 여기까지 찍었겠지~~ 하면서 다시 감고, 공셔터를 날리길 반복했더니 결과적으로는 이중, 삼중 노출에 많이도 날아간.. 망한필름이 되었다..&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;그래도 마음에 드는 사진을 억지로나마 찾자면&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;figure class=&quot;imageblock alignCenter&quot; data-ke-mobileStyle=&quot;widthOrigin&quot; data-filename=&quot;000709530004_###.jpg&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;2048&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;2048&quot;&gt;&lt;span data-url=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/JfQuB/btrLR9qoc3T/KrCOGjj59VJdKtpe3M0ylK/img.jpg&quot; data-phocus=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/JfQuB/btrLR9qoc3T/KrCOGjj59VJdKtpe3M0ylK/img.jpg&quot; data-alt=&quot;카르티에 브레송의 '결정적 순간' 사진전에서 마음에 들어 찍은 인물사진과 가로, 세로의 사진이 우연히 인물로만 찍힌 사진.. 의도치 않은 3중 노출이지만 이것도 나름 결정적인 순간이지 않았나.. 생각이 든다.&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/JfQuB/btrLR9qoc3T/KrCOGjj59VJdKtpe3M0ylK/img.jpg&quot; srcset=&quot;https://img1.daumcdn.net/thumb/R1280x0/?scode=mtistory2&amp;fname=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.kakaocdn.net%2Fdn%2FJfQuB%2FbtrLR9qoc3T%2FKrCOGjj59VJdKtpe3M0ylK%2Fimg.jpg&quot; onerror=&quot;this.onerror=null; this.src='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png'; this.srcset='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png';&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot; width=&quot;640&quot; height=&quot;640&quot; data-filename=&quot;000709530004_###.jpg&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;2048&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;2048&quot;/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;figcaption&gt;카르티에 브레송의 '결정적 순간' 사진전에서 마음에 들어 찍은 인물사진과 가로, 세로의 사진이 우연히 인물로만 찍힌 사진.. 의도치 않은 3중 노출이지만 이것도 나름 결정적인 순간이지 않았나.. 생각이 든다.&lt;/figcaption&gt;
&lt;/figure&gt;
&lt;figure class=&quot;imageblock alignCenter&quot; data-ke-mobileStyle=&quot;widthOrigin&quot; data-filename=&quot;000709530009_###.jpg&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;1998&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;3013&quot;&gt;&lt;span data-url=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/bJvYg1/btrLMxlFQ2f/dVCNd9n7mkazSgblhP0l1K/img.jpg&quot; data-phocus=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/bJvYg1/btrLMxlFQ2f/dVCNd9n7mkazSgblhP0l1K/img.jpg&quot; data-alt=&quot;&amp;quot;우연히, 웨스 웬더슨&amp;quot; 사진전의 사진과 갑천 이 또한 러닝 하는 커플과 표지판, 그림이 묘하게 어우러진다.&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/bJvYg1/btrLMxlFQ2f/dVCNd9n7mkazSgblhP0l1K/img.jpg&quot; srcset=&quot;https://img1.daumcdn.net/thumb/R1280x0/?scode=mtistory2&amp;fname=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.kakaocdn.net%2Fdn%2FbJvYg1%2FbtrLMxlFQ2f%2FdVCNd9n7mkazSgblhP0l1K%2Fimg.jpg&quot; onerror=&quot;this.onerror=null; this.src='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png'; this.srcset='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png';&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot; width=&quot;651&quot; height=&quot;982&quot; data-filename=&quot;000709530009_###.jpg&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;1998&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;3013&quot;/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;figcaption&gt;&quot;우연히, 웨스 웬더슨&quot; 사진전의 사진과 갑천 이 또한 러닝 하는 커플과 표지판, 그림이 묘하게 어우러진다.&lt;/figcaption&gt;
&lt;/figure&gt;
&lt;figure class=&quot;imagegridblock&quot;&gt;
  &lt;div class=&quot;image-container&quot;&gt;&lt;span data-url=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/bWgfvM/btrLZzn5KYC/RY7wq4d6Wlti9Xmr2klsr1/img.jpg&quot; data-phocus=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/bWgfvM/btrLZzn5KYC/RY7wq4d6Wlti9Xmr2klsr1/img.jpg&quot; data-is-animation=&quot;false&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;3089&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;2048&quot; data-filename=&quot;000709530012_###.jpg&quot; style=&quot;width: 59.4332%; margin-right: 10px;&quot; data-widthpercent=&quot;60.13&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/bWgfvM/btrLZzn5KYC/RY7wq4d6Wlti9Xmr2klsr1/img.jpg&quot; srcset=&quot;https://img1.daumcdn.net/thumb/R1280x0/?scode=mtistory2&amp;amp;fname=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.kakaocdn.net%2Fdn%2FbWgfvM%2FbtrLZzn5KYC%2FRY7wq4d6Wlti9Xmr2klsr1%2Fimg.jpg&quot; onerror=&quot;this.onerror=null; this.src='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png'; this.srcset='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png';&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot; width=&quot;3089&quot; height=&quot;2048&quot;/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span data-url=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/mKhRY/btrLTVFmOhy/tMYuoFsCNKQDb9gddU9kdK/img.jpg&quot; data-phocus=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/mKhRY/btrLTVFmOhy/tMYuoFsCNKQDb9gddU9kdK/img.jpg&quot; data-is-animation=&quot;false&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;2048&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;2048&quot; data-filename=&quot;000709530013_###.jpg&quot; style=&quot;width: 39.404%;&quot; data-widthpercent=&quot;39.87&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/mKhRY/btrLTVFmOhy/tMYuoFsCNKQDb9gddU9kdK/img.jpg&quot; srcset=&quot;https://img1.daumcdn.net/thumb/R1280x0/?scode=mtistory2&amp;amp;fname=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.kakaocdn.net%2Fdn%2FmKhRY%2FbtrLTVFmOhy%2FtMYuoFsCNKQDb9gddU9kdK%2Fimg.jpg&quot; onerror=&quot;this.onerror=null; this.src='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png'; this.srcset='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png';&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot; width=&quot;2048&quot; height=&quot;2048&quot;/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
  &lt;figcaption&gt;아마도 갑천의 아파트와 봉명동 내 집앞의 풍경 이중노출, 아파트 산과 나무가 절묘하게 맞아 재밌다.&lt;/figcaption&gt;
&lt;/figure&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;이중노출이 아니었다면 더 좋은 사진이었겠다 싶다가도, 어차피 유효기간이 지난 필름이라 만족스럽지 않았을 사진들이 이렇게나마 재미있게 찍힌게 좋은것 같기도 하다.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;나중엔 상태 좋은 필름으로 의도한 이중노출을 찍어볼까.. 싶다가도 귀찮게 왜 그런짓을 하나 싶기도 하고.. 여튼 걱정했던것에 비해 괜찮은 한 롤이었다.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;Camera : OLYMPUS XA&lt;br /&gt;Film : Kodak MAX 400 (Out dated)&lt;br /&gt;Development : 중앙칼라(노리츠)&lt;/p&gt;</description>
      <category>사진</category>
      <author>daily-kim</author>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://de1030.tistory.com/13</guid>
      <comments>https://de1030.tistory.com/13#entry13comment</comments>
      <pubDate>Mon, 12 Sep 2022 21:40:23 +0900</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>(2019) 결혼식 서브스냅_JW 메리어트 동대문</title>
      <link>https://de1030.tistory.com/12</link>
      <description>&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;군대에 있을 때 같이 일하던 @대위님, 지금은 @소령이 되신 분이 결혼을 하게 됐다. 당시 @대위님이 스케줄 장교였는데 CQ로 일하며 매일매일 굉장한 밀도의 소통과 부탁, 아저씨 토크를 주고받던 사이였기에 흔쾌히 찍어드리겠다 얘기했다.&lt;br&gt;당시에는 사실 외출 한번 나가는것도 큰일이었기 때문에, 휴가다~ 생각하고 나갔던 것도 있다. 아직도 그때 대대장실에서 우리 @대위님 제가 사진 함 찍어주고! 마! 하고 오겠습니다! 했던 기억이 난다.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;figure class=&quot;imageblock alignCenter&quot; data-ke-mobileStyle=&quot;widthOrigin&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;620&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;342&quot;&gt;&lt;span data-url=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/NNKp9/btrHofiB6Ke/9PODQxesyKleKDvZ41m0t1/img.jpg&quot; data-phocus=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/NNKp9/btrHofiB6Ke/9PODQxesyKleKDvZ41m0t1/img.jpg&quot; data-alt=&quot; 딱 왼쪽뒤의 부장님과 9번 은행원 정도 거리에서 근무를 했다. 차이점은 상대하는 사람이 1대1이 아닌 1대 다였다는것.. &quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/NNKp9/btrHofiB6Ke/9PODQxesyKleKDvZ41m0t1/img.jpg&quot; srcset=&quot;https://img1.daumcdn.net/thumb/R1280x0/?scode=mtistory2&amp;fname=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.kakaocdn.net%2Fdn%2FNNKp9%2FbtrHofiB6Ke%2F9PODQxesyKleKDvZ41m0t1%2Fimg.jpg&quot; onerror=&quot;this.onerror=null; this.src='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png'; this.srcset='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png';&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot; width=&quot;620&quot; height=&quot;342&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;620&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;342&quot;/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;figcaption&gt; 딱 왼쪽뒤의 부장님과 9번 은행원 정도 거리에서 근무를 했다. 차이점은 상대하는 사람이 1대1이 아닌 1대 다였다는것.. &lt;/figcaption&gt;
&lt;/figure&gt;

&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;figure class=&quot;imageblock alignCenter&quot; data-ke-mobileStyle=&quot;widthOrigin&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;526&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;511&quot;&gt;&lt;span data-url=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/bQ5dYo/btrHosooWXU/Lx8LKL5hyuRFkhYAzTh6N1/img.png&quot; data-phocus=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/bQ5dYo/btrHosooWXU/Lx8LKL5hyuRFkhYAzTh6N1/img.png&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/bQ5dYo/btrHosooWXU/Lx8LKL5hyuRFkhYAzTh6N1/img.png&quot; srcset=&quot;https://img1.daumcdn.net/thumb/R1280x0/?scode=mtistory2&amp;fname=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.kakaocdn.net%2Fdn%2FbQ5dYo%2FbtrHosooWXU%2FLx8LKL5hyuRFkhYAzTh6N1%2Fimg.png&quot; onerror=&quot;this.onerror=null; this.src='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png'; this.srcset='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png';&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot; width=&quot;526&quot; height=&quot;511&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;526&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;511&quot;/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/figure&gt;

&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;당시 병장 언저리였고, 전역한지도 한참은 지났다. 요즘은 인스타로 아저씨 따님(굉장히*100 귀엽다) 사진 보며 따봉 하나씩 날리고 있었는데 갑자기 연락을 주셨다.&lt;br&gt;그때 사진 너무 좋았는데 자기 동생도 곧 결혼하게 되었다고 사진을 부탁해서 생각난 김에 오래전 사진을 꺼내보는김에 사진을 올리게 됐다. 나름 사진 카테고리를 만들어놨는데 올린 사진이 하나도 없어서.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;figure class=&quot;imageblock alignCenter&quot; data-ke-mobileStyle=&quot;widthOrigin&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;5192&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;3466&quot;&gt;&lt;span data-url=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/BeQam/btrHo7xjdeG/KpycksOi6ki3pKjQ9QoOkK/img.jpg&quot; data-phocus=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/BeQam/btrHo7xjdeG/KpycksOi6ki3pKjQ9QoOkK/img.jpg&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/BeQam/btrHo7xjdeG/KpycksOi6ki3pKjQ9QoOkK/img.jpg&quot; srcset=&quot;https://img1.daumcdn.net/thumb/R1280x0/?scode=mtistory2&amp;fname=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.kakaocdn.net%2Fdn%2FBeQam%2FbtrHo7xjdeG%2FKpycksOi6ki3pKjQ9QoOkK%2Fimg.jpg&quot; onerror=&quot;this.onerror=null; this.src='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png'; this.srcset='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png';&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot; width=&quot;5192&quot; height=&quot;3466&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;5192&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;3466&quot;/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/figure&gt;
&lt;figure class=&quot;imageblock alignCenter&quot; data-ke-mobileStyle=&quot;widthOrigin&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;6016&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;4016&quot;&gt;&lt;span data-url=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/dhHNYk/btrHpoZThW9/2tKthmxnhaF1Yhh47zD1aK/img.jpg&quot; data-phocus=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/dhHNYk/btrHpoZThW9/2tKthmxnhaF1Yhh47zD1aK/img.jpg&quot; data-alt=&quot; 호텔밥 기대했는데, 막상 제대로 먹진 못했다 ㅋㅋㅋ &quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/dhHNYk/btrHpoZThW9/2tKthmxnhaF1Yhh47zD1aK/img.jpg&quot; srcset=&quot;https://img1.daumcdn.net/thumb/R1280x0/?scode=mtistory2&amp;fname=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.kakaocdn.net%2Fdn%2FdhHNYk%2FbtrHpoZThW9%2F2tKthmxnhaF1Yhh47zD1aK%2Fimg.jpg&quot; onerror=&quot;this.onerror=null; this.src='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png'; this.srcset='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png';&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot; width=&quot;6016&quot; height=&quot;4016&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;6016&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;4016&quot;/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;figcaption&gt; 호텔밥 기대했는데, 막상 제대로 먹진 못했다 ㅋㅋㅋ &lt;/figcaption&gt;
&lt;/figure&gt;

&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;결혼식이야 종종 하객으로도 가보고 사진도 찍어봐서 큰 감흥이 없을줄 알았는데, 역시 호텔은 호텔이었다. 꽃이.... 난 촌놈이라 잘 몰랐는데 끝나면 직원분들이 나와서 다 포장해주고 하객들 나눠주고 하시더라. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;figure class=&quot;imageblock alignCenter&quot; data-ke-mobileStyle=&quot;widthOrigin&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;5129&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;3424&quot;&gt;&lt;span data-url=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/E0NGu/btrHrOwgq9s/bKOXq6K6dTK7hvYXFFJnn0/img.jpg&quot; data-phocus=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/E0NGu/btrHrOwgq9s/bKOXq6K6dTK7hvYXFFJnn0/img.jpg&quot; data-alt=&quot; 부케도 상당히 고급졌다.. &quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/E0NGu/btrHrOwgq9s/bKOXq6K6dTK7hvYXFFJnn0/img.jpg&quot; srcset=&quot;https://img1.daumcdn.net/thumb/R1280x0/?scode=mtistory2&amp;fname=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.kakaocdn.net%2Fdn%2FE0NGu%2FbtrHrOwgq9s%2FbKOXq6K6dTK7hvYXFFJnn0%2Fimg.jpg&quot; onerror=&quot;this.onerror=null; this.src='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png'; this.srcset='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png';&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot; width=&quot;5129&quot; height=&quot;3424&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;5129&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;3424&quot;/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;figcaption&gt; 부케도 상당히 고급졌다.. &lt;/figcaption&gt;
&lt;/figure&gt;

&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;figure class=&quot;imageblock alignCenter&quot; data-ke-mobileStyle=&quot;widthOrigin&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;1687&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;3000&quot;&gt;&lt;span data-url=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/ucLM0/btrHqoLANUN/pRitkbvrfAS41SdtErztDk/img.png&quot; data-phocus=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/ucLM0/btrHqoLANUN/pRitkbvrfAS41SdtErztDk/img.png&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/ucLM0/btrHqoLANUN/pRitkbvrfAS41SdtErztDk/img.png&quot; srcset=&quot;https://img1.daumcdn.net/thumb/R1280x0/?scode=mtistory2&amp;fname=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.kakaocdn.net%2Fdn%2FucLM0%2FbtrHqoLANUN%2FpRitkbvrfAS41SdtErztDk%2Fimg.png&quot; onerror=&quot;this.onerror=null; this.src='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png'; this.srcset='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png';&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot; width=&quot;443&quot; height=&quot;787&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;1687&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;3000&quot;/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/figure&gt;

&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;현역 장교의 결혼은 이런거구나.. 맨날 테니스 치던 아저씨들이 차려입고 예도 들고 하는데, 정말 멋지다는 생각이 들었다.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;figure class=&quot;imageblock alignCenter&quot; data-ke-mobileStyle=&quot;widthOrigin&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;3000&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;1687&quot;&gt;&lt;span data-url=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/y8zKC/btrHohgdGnm/B6PBW1yDw4aQ0uWOa2Tte1/img.png&quot; data-phocus=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/y8zKC/btrHohgdGnm/B6PBW1yDw4aQ0uWOa2Tte1/img.png&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/y8zKC/btrHohgdGnm/B6PBW1yDw4aQ0uWOa2Tte1/img.png&quot; srcset=&quot;https://img1.daumcdn.net/thumb/R1280x0/?scode=mtistory2&amp;fname=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.kakaocdn.net%2Fdn%2Fy8zKC%2FbtrHohgdGnm%2FB6PBW1yDw4aQ0uWOa2Tte1%2Fimg.png&quot; onerror=&quot;this.onerror=null; this.src='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png'; this.srcset='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png';&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot; width=&quot;3000&quot; height=&quot;1687&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;3000&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;1687&quot;/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/figure&gt;

&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;그 와중에 플레어가 참 예쁘게 나와서.. 역시 돈 주고 빌려온 값 하는구나 싶었다. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;figure class=&quot;imageblock alignCenter&quot; data-ke-mobileStyle=&quot;widthOrigin&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;3000&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;3000&quot;&gt;&lt;span data-url=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/c2wG9X/btrHogBAXOV/uK23BrZyQIxBXPR0tV5Vrk/img.png&quot; data-phocus=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/c2wG9X/btrHogBAXOV/uK23BrZyQIxBXPR0tV5Vrk/img.png&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/c2wG9X/btrHogBAXOV/uK23BrZyQIxBXPR0tV5Vrk/img.png&quot; srcset=&quot;https://img1.daumcdn.net/thumb/R1280x0/?scode=mtistory2&amp;fname=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.kakaocdn.net%2Fdn%2Fc2wG9X%2FbtrHogBAXOV%2FuK23BrZyQIxBXPR0tV5Vrk%2Fimg.png&quot; onerror=&quot;this.onerror=null; this.src='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png'; this.srcset='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png';&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot; width=&quot;3000&quot; height=&quot;3000&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;3000&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;3000&quot;/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/figure&gt;

&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;개인적으로는 베스트컷이지 않나 싶다. 모자이크로 가리는 게 너무 아까울 만큼 두 분 표정이 너무 좋아서 나도 찍고 기분이 좋아질 정도였다.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;figure class=&quot;imageblock alignCenter&quot; data-ke-mobileStyle=&quot;widthOrigin&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;3000&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;2002&quot;&gt;&lt;span data-url=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/qUHSC/btrHqQ19OHx/TFRl2TnQ6njxrD7td9q5b0/img.png&quot; data-phocus=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/qUHSC/btrHqQ19OHx/TFRl2TnQ6njxrD7td9q5b0/img.png&quot; data-alt=&quot; 한복도 너무 에쁜걸 고르신것 같다.. &quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/qUHSC/btrHqQ19OHx/TFRl2TnQ6njxrD7td9q5b0/img.png&quot; srcset=&quot;https://img1.daumcdn.net/thumb/R1280x0/?scode=mtistory2&amp;fname=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.kakaocdn.net%2Fdn%2FqUHSC%2FbtrHqQ19OHx%2FTFRl2TnQ6njxrD7td9q5b0%2Fimg.png&quot; onerror=&quot;this.onerror=null; this.src='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png'; this.srcset='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png';&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot; width=&quot;3000&quot; height=&quot;2002&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;3000&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;2002&quot;/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;figcaption&gt; 한복도 너무 에쁜걸 고르신것 같다.. &lt;/figcaption&gt;
&lt;/figure&gt;

&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;모자이크 하기 귀찮아서, 하고나니 의미가 사라져서, 몇 개 사진들을 넣었다 뺐다. 누가 보겠나 싶지만, 다른 사람 사진이기도 하고.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;figure class=&quot;imageblock alignCenter&quot; data-ke-mobileStyle=&quot;widthOrigin&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;3000&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;2002&quot;&gt;&lt;span data-url=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/3mWDV/btrHp5SPePF/3d1WnAdKyZnzmq1pBkUL20/img.png&quot; data-phocus=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/3mWDV/btrHp5SPePF/3d1WnAdKyZnzmq1pBkUL20/img.png&quot; data-alt=&quot; 난 이런게 좋더라.. &quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/3mWDV/btrHp5SPePF/3d1WnAdKyZnzmq1pBkUL20/img.png&quot; srcset=&quot;https://img1.daumcdn.net/thumb/R1280x0/?scode=mtistory2&amp;fname=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.kakaocdn.net%2Fdn%2F3mWDV%2FbtrHp5SPePF%2F3d1WnAdKyZnzmq1pBkUL20%2Fimg.png&quot; onerror=&quot;this.onerror=null; this.src='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png'; this.srcset='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png';&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot; width=&quot;3000&quot; height=&quot;2002&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;3000&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;2002&quot;/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;figcaption&gt; 난 이런게 좋더라.. &lt;/figcaption&gt;
&lt;/figure&gt;
&lt;figure class=&quot;imageblock alignCenter&quot; data-ke-mobileStyle=&quot;widthOrigin&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;5782&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;3860&quot;&gt;&lt;span data-url=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/luyet/btrHrwWIxH7/ujCqQEpfHuy3Mip9Ih70f0/img.jpg&quot; data-phocus=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/luyet/btrHrwWIxH7/ujCqQEpfHuy3Mip9Ih70f0/img.jpg&quot; data-alt=&quot; 난 이런게 좋더라..2 &quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/luyet/btrHrwWIxH7/ujCqQEpfHuy3Mip9Ih70f0/img.jpg&quot; srcset=&quot;https://img1.daumcdn.net/thumb/R1280x0/?scode=mtistory2&amp;fname=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.kakaocdn.net%2Fdn%2Fluyet%2FbtrHrwWIxH7%2FujCqQEpfHuy3Mip9Ih70f0%2Fimg.jpg&quot; onerror=&quot;this.onerror=null; this.src='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png'; this.srcset='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png';&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot; width=&quot;5782&quot; height=&quot;3860&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;5782&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;3860&quot;/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;figcaption&gt; 난 이런게 좋더라..2 &lt;/figcaption&gt;
&lt;/figure&gt;

&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;프로작가는 아니지만 이렇게 종종 행사 사진을 찍을 일이 있다. 포즈까지 지정해 가면서 찍는 진짜 스냅은 재능이 없는 듯 하고, 열심히 뛰면서 좋은 표정을 담는 스냅은 그나마 발로 뛰면 좋은 사진을 담을 수 있어서 좋아한다. 그중에서도 결혼식은 특히 신경 쓰게 되는데 누군가의 일생에 딱 한번 있는 순간이기도 하고,그 자체로도 너무 의미 있고 벅찬 순간이라 최대한 예쁘게 담아주고 싶은 마음도 들어서 더 그렇다. &lt;br&gt;메인사진은 받는데 상당한 시간이 든다는 얘기도 많이 들어서 될 수 있으면 당일에 잘 나온 몇 장이라도 보정해서 보내주려고 한다. 실제로 항상 많이 고맙다는 얘기를 들은 부분이기도 하다.&lt;br&gt;주변에 프로로 뛰는 선배도 있고, 서브스냅으로 온 지인이 화각에 걸려 방해가 된다는 글을 너무 많이 봐서 그런지 항상 조심스럽고 걱정되는 일 이기도 하다. 최대한 망원으로 조심조심 다니지만 가끔 거슬렸던 순간도 분명 있을거다.&lt;br&gt;그래도 한번 찍고나면 세세한 부분 하나하나까지 정확해야 하기때문에 프로세스가 긴 메인작가와 달리 가볍게 신랑과 신부, 지인들의 표정을 담고 빠르게 전달해 주는 일 또한 의미 있다고 생각해서 이렇게 부탁이 오면 어지간해서 거절하지 않고 즐겁게 나가는 편이다.&lt;br&gt;곧 있을 촬영을 위해 미리미리 실력을 끌어올려놔야겠다..! 70-200도 사놓으면 좋을 텐데.. 참 좋을 텐데...  ‍♂️&lt;/p&gt;</description>
      <category>사진</category>
      <author>daily-kim</author>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://de1030.tistory.com/12</guid>
      <comments>https://de1030.tistory.com/12#entry12comment</comments>
      <pubDate>Sat, 16 Jul 2022 00:33:41 +0900</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>[카메라] OLYMPUS XA</title>
      <link>https://de1030.tistory.com/11</link>
      <description>&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: AppleSDGothicNeo-Regular, 'Malgun Gothic', '맑은 고딕', dotum, 돋움, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;한동안 카메라를 많이 사다가 요즘은 좀 뜸한데, 당시 인스타에 리뷰를 올려볼까 해서 페이지를 팠다. 귀찮아서 하나 올리고 말았지만, 블로그를 시작한 김에 옮겨와 본다.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: AppleSDGothicNeo-Regular, 'Malgun Gothic', '맑은 고딕', dotum, 돋움, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: AppleSDGothicNeo-Regular, 'Malgun Gothic', '맑은 고딕', dotum, 돋움, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: AppleSDGothicNeo-Regular, 'Malgun Gothic', '맑은 고딕', dotum, 돋움, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;figure class=&quot;imageblock alignCenter&quot; data-ke-mobileStyle=&quot;widthOrigin&quot; data-filename=&quot;IMG_1998.JPG&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;3024&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;3024&quot;&gt;&lt;span data-url=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/blAkWm/btrHodXHuY4/TNfqEBS78qmFGgRIy3KA91/img.jpg&quot; data-phocus=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/blAkWm/btrHodXHuY4/TNfqEBS78qmFGgRIy3KA91/img.jpg&quot; data-alt=&quot;굉장히 작다.&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/blAkWm/btrHodXHuY4/TNfqEBS78qmFGgRIy3KA91/img.jpg&quot; srcset=&quot;https://img1.daumcdn.net/thumb/R1280x0/?scode=mtistory2&amp;fname=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.kakaocdn.net%2Fdn%2FblAkWm%2FbtrHodXHuY4%2FTNfqEBS78qmFGgRIy3KA91%2Fimg.jpg&quot; onerror=&quot;this.onerror=null; this.src='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png'; this.srcset='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png';&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot; width=&quot;3024&quot; height=&quot;3024&quot; data-filename=&quot;IMG_1998.JPG&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;3024&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;3024&quot;/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;figcaption&gt;굉장히 작다.&lt;/figcaption&gt;
&lt;/figure&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: AppleSDGothicNeo-Regular, 'Malgun Gothic', '맑은 고딕', dotum, 돋움, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;나의&amp;nbsp;경우&amp;nbsp;필카를&amp;nbsp;사는&amp;nbsp;가장&amp;nbsp;큰&amp;nbsp;이유가&amp;nbsp;부담 없이&amp;nbsp;항상&amp;nbsp;들고 다니며&amp;nbsp;슥슥&amp;nbsp;찍기&amp;nbsp;위함인데&amp;nbsp;수동에,&amp;nbsp;RF,&amp;nbsp;작아서&amp;nbsp;형편없을 것&amp;nbsp;같은&amp;nbsp;조작감,&amp;nbsp;최소&amp;nbsp;20만 원은&amp;nbsp;줘야 하는&amp;nbsp;꽤나&amp;nbsp;비싼 가격..&amp;nbsp;하나도&amp;nbsp;맘에&amp;nbsp;드는 게&amp;nbsp;없는&amp;nbsp;카메라였는데,&amp;nbsp;당근 마켓&amp;nbsp;보고&amp;nbsp;capios&amp;nbsp;25를&amp;nbsp;사러&amp;nbsp;갔다가&amp;nbsp;판매자&amp;nbsp;아저씨가&amp;nbsp;두 개 하면&amp;nbsp;10만 원에&amp;nbsp;준다 해서&amp;nbsp;고민 없이&amp;nbsp;받아왔다.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: AppleSDGothicNeo-Regular, 'Malgun Gothic', '맑은 고딕', dotum, 돋움, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;사실&amp;nbsp;렌즈&amp;nbsp;상태도&amp;nbsp;썩&amp;nbsp;좋지&amp;nbsp;않고(곰팡이)&amp;nbsp;아저씨&amp;nbsp;말로는&amp;nbsp;셔터 속도도&amp;nbsp;이상하다&amp;nbsp;해서&amp;nbsp;관상용이나&amp;nbsp;돈 좀&amp;nbsp;주고&amp;nbsp;고쳐서&amp;nbsp;한번&amp;nbsp;팔아볼까&amp;nbsp;하는&amp;nbsp;생각으로&amp;nbsp;들고 왔었다.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: AppleSDGothicNeo-Regular, 'Malgun Gothic', '맑은 고딕', dotum, 돋움, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;근데&amp;nbsp;배터리를&amp;nbsp;가니&amp;nbsp;노출은&amp;nbsp;얼추&amp;nbsp;맞는 것&amp;nbsp;같고&amp;nbsp;수리점&amp;nbsp;사장님&amp;nbsp;말씀으로는&amp;nbsp;장담컨대&amp;nbsp;사진에&amp;nbsp;곰팡이가&amp;nbsp;안 나온다&amp;nbsp;해서..&amp;nbsp;속는 셈&amp;nbsp;치고&amp;nbsp;한 롤&amp;nbsp;넣어서&amp;nbsp;찍어본&amp;nbsp;결과&amp;nbsp;전혀&amp;nbsp;이상&amp;nbsp;없음!&amp;nbsp;만족이다.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: AppleSDGothicNeo-Regular, 'Malgun Gothic', '맑은 고딕', dotum, 돋움, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;장단점이&amp;nbsp;워낙&amp;nbsp;뚜렷한&amp;nbsp;카메라이고,&amp;nbsp;어느 정도&amp;nbsp;사진을&amp;nbsp;찍을&amp;nbsp;줄 알고&amp;nbsp;좋아하는&amp;nbsp;사람들이&amp;nbsp;쓰면&amp;nbsp;딱&amp;nbsp;좋아할&amp;nbsp;카메라이다.&amp;nbsp;한롤만에&amp;nbsp;이&amp;nbsp;카메라가&amp;nbsp;왜&amp;nbsp;그렇게&amp;nbsp;인기 있는지&amp;nbsp;알겠다.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;figure class=&quot;imageblock alignCenter&quot; data-ke-mobileStyle=&quot;widthOrigin&quot; data-filename=&quot;IMG_2004.JPG&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;3024&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;3024&quot;&gt;&lt;span data-url=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/nyTpe/btrHksB3JVI/wT8LSBkr6dfhUBqjnKkbB1/img.jpg&quot; data-phocus=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/nyTpe/btrHksB3JVI/wT8LSBkr6dfhUBqjnKkbB1/img.jpg&quot; data-alt=&quot;정말 작다. 이정도면 예쁘고?&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/nyTpe/btrHksB3JVI/wT8LSBkr6dfhUBqjnKkbB1/img.jpg&quot; srcset=&quot;https://img1.daumcdn.net/thumb/R1280x0/?scode=mtistory2&amp;fname=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.kakaocdn.net%2Fdn%2FnyTpe%2FbtrHksB3JVI%2FwT8LSBkr6dfhUBqjnKkbB1%2Fimg.jpg&quot; onerror=&quot;this.onerror=null; this.src='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png'; this.srcset='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png';&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot; width=&quot;3024&quot; height=&quot;3024&quot; data-filename=&quot;IMG_2004.JPG&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;3024&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;3024&quot;/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;figcaption&gt;정말 작다. 이정도면 예쁘고?&lt;/figcaption&gt;
&lt;/figure&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: AppleSDGothicNeo-Regular, 'Malgun Gothic', '맑은 고딕', dotum, 돋움, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;사실인지는&amp;nbsp;모르겠지만&amp;nbsp;세상에서&amp;nbsp;제일&amp;nbsp;작은&amp;nbsp;rf&amp;nbsp;35mm&amp;nbsp;카메라로&amp;nbsp;유명할 만큼&amp;nbsp;일단&amp;nbsp;작고,&amp;nbsp;꽤나&amp;nbsp;준수한&amp;nbsp;스펙의&amp;nbsp;렌즈(35mm&amp;nbsp;f2.8)를&amp;nbsp;가지고&amp;nbsp;있는 데다가&amp;nbsp;목측 식이&amp;nbsp;아닌 것도&amp;nbsp;마음에&amp;nbsp;든다.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: AppleSDGothicNeo-Regular, 'Malgun Gothic', '맑은 고딕', dotum, 돋움, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;화질을&amp;nbsp;기대하고&amp;nbsp;찍는&amp;nbsp;필름 사진은&amp;nbsp;아니라지만&amp;nbsp;작은&amp;nbsp;바디와&amp;nbsp;렌즈에서&amp;nbsp;기대 이상의&amp;nbsp;좋은&amp;nbsp;사진을&amp;nbsp;뽑아주기도&amp;nbsp;하고,&amp;nbsp;조리개 우선&amp;nbsp;모드인데&amp;nbsp;정확한&amp;nbsp;수준의&amp;nbsp;측광을&amp;nbsp;보여주기도&amp;nbsp;한다. 무엇보다&amp;nbsp;사진을&amp;nbsp;찍는 게&amp;nbsp;재미있다.&amp;nbsp;사진에&amp;nbsp;대해서&amp;nbsp;좀&amp;nbsp;생각하고&amp;nbsp;찍을&amp;nbsp;수&amp;nbsp;있는&amp;nbsp;사람들에겐&amp;nbsp;특히.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;figure class=&quot;imageblock alignCenter&quot; data-ke-mobileStyle=&quot;widthOrigin&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;817&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;1232&quot;&gt;&lt;span data-url=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/cH9q64/btrHn2vnLUA/S6k9Ef6bGKLlYdY4vrQAiK/img.jpg&quot; data-phocus=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/cH9q64/btrHn2vnLUA/S6k9Ef6bGKLlYdY4vrQAiK/img.jpg&quot; data-alt=&quot;해가지는 꽤나 어두운 상황에서도 적절한 노출을 잡았다.&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/cH9q64/btrHn2vnLUA/S6k9Ef6bGKLlYdY4vrQAiK/img.jpg&quot; srcset=&quot;https://img1.daumcdn.net/thumb/R1280x0/?scode=mtistory2&amp;fname=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.kakaocdn.net%2Fdn%2FcH9q64%2FbtrHn2vnLUA%2FS6k9Ef6bGKLlYdY4vrQAiK%2Fimg.jpg&quot; onerror=&quot;this.onerror=null; this.src='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png'; this.srcset='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png';&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot; width=&quot;817&quot; height=&quot;1232&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;817&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;1232&quot;/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;figcaption&gt;해가지는 꽤나 어두운 상황에서도 적절한 노출을 잡았다.&lt;/figcaption&gt;
&lt;/figure&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: AppleSDGothicNeo-Regular, 'Malgun Gothic', '맑은 고딕', dotum, 돋움, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;찍을&amp;nbsp;사진에&amp;nbsp;따라&amp;nbsp;조리개를&amp;nbsp;설정하고,&amp;nbsp;심도를&amp;nbsp;고려해&amp;nbsp;초점을&amp;nbsp;맞추고,&amp;nbsp;셔터를&amp;nbsp;감고&amp;nbsp;누르는&amp;nbsp;과정들이&amp;nbsp;딱&amp;nbsp;불편하지&amp;nbsp;않을&amp;nbsp;정도에서&amp;nbsp;재미있다. 이런 크기의 카메라에서는 기대하기 힘든 iso 조절 기능도 있어서 좀 번거롭지만 상황에 따라 노출 보정을&amp;nbsp;할&amp;nbsp;수도&amp;nbsp;있다.&amp;nbsp;(다만&amp;nbsp;원래&amp;nbsp;iso로&amp;nbsp;돌리는 것을&amp;nbsp;잊지&amp;nbsp;않아야&amp;nbsp;한다..)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: AppleSDGothicNeo-Regular, 'Malgun Gothic', '맑은 고딕', dotum, 돋움, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;대게&amp;nbsp;P&amp;amp;S&amp;nbsp;카메라로는&amp;nbsp;af&amp;nbsp;시스템의&amp;nbsp;조악함때문에&amp;nbsp;작은&amp;nbsp;피사체나&amp;nbsp;유리 밖의&amp;nbsp;피사체는&amp;nbsp;사진 찍기를&amp;nbsp;거의&amp;nbsp;포기하게&amp;nbsp;되는데,&amp;nbsp;XA는&amp;nbsp;수동인&amp;nbsp;대신&amp;nbsp;내가&amp;nbsp;원하는&amp;nbsp;물체에&amp;nbsp;정확히&amp;nbsp;초점을&amp;nbsp;맞출&amp;nbsp;수&amp;nbsp;있는 것도 상당한&amp;nbsp;장점이다.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;figure class=&quot;imageblock alignCenter&quot; data-ke-mobileStyle=&quot;widthOrigin&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;1280&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;848&quot;&gt;&lt;span data-url=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/Rx6MZ/btrHn8I21M7/5uM7jsORwMNP6VKjqFvLn0/img.jpg&quot; data-phocus=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/Rx6MZ/btrHn8I21M7/5uM7jsORwMNP6VKjqFvLn0/img.jpg&quot; data-alt=&quot;버스를 타고가다 유리창 너머 건물에 초점을 맞췄다.&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/Rx6MZ/btrHn8I21M7/5uM7jsORwMNP6VKjqFvLn0/img.jpg&quot; srcset=&quot;https://img1.daumcdn.net/thumb/R1280x0/?scode=mtistory2&amp;fname=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.kakaocdn.net%2Fdn%2FRx6MZ%2FbtrHn8I21M7%2F5uM7jsORwMNP6VKjqFvLn0%2Fimg.jpg&quot; onerror=&quot;this.onerror=null; this.src='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png'; this.srcset='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png';&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot; width=&quot;1280&quot; height=&quot;848&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;1280&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;848&quot;/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;figcaption&gt;버스를 타고가다 유리창 너머 건물에 초점을 맞췄다.&lt;/figcaption&gt;
&lt;/figure&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: AppleSDGothicNeo-Regular, 'Malgun Gothic', '맑은 고딕', dotum, 돋움, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;다만&amp;nbsp;연식이&amp;nbsp;연식이니만큼&amp;nbsp;단점이&amp;nbsp;없진&amp;nbsp;않다. 렌즈 구조상&amp;nbsp;곰팡이가&amp;nbsp;쉽게&amp;nbsp;피고&amp;nbsp;뷰파인더에도&amp;nbsp;먼지&amp;nbsp;유입이&amp;nbsp;잘&amp;nbsp;되는데,&amp;nbsp;이를&amp;nbsp;고치기가&amp;nbsp;너무&amp;nbsp;까다로워서&amp;nbsp;수리점에서&amp;nbsp;잘&amp;nbsp;안 받아주려&amp;nbsp;한다거나,&amp;nbsp;파인더&amp;nbsp;내&amp;nbsp;작은&amp;nbsp;지침이&amp;nbsp;셔터스피드를&amp;nbsp;표시해주는데&amp;nbsp;이&amp;nbsp;지침이&amp;nbsp;정확하지&amp;nbsp;않다거나(파인더&amp;nbsp;지침과&amp;nbsp;실제&amp;nbsp;셔터스피드&amp;nbsp;결정은&amp;nbsp;별개이다.&amp;nbsp;내가&amp;nbsp;가진 친구는&amp;nbsp;항상&amp;nbsp;1/8초&amp;nbsp;정도를&amp;nbsp;가리키고&amp;nbsp;있다...)&amp;nbsp;좀만&amp;nbsp;방치하면&amp;nbsp;녹이&amp;nbsp;올라올&amp;nbsp;것&amp;nbsp;같은&amp;nbsp;조악한&amp;nbsp;바디&amp;nbsp;도색과&amp;nbsp;같은 것들이&amp;nbsp;말이다.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: AppleSDGothicNeo-Regular, 'Malgun Gothic', '맑은 고딕', dotum, 돋움, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;그럼에도&amp;nbsp;불구하고&amp;nbsp;이런&amp;nbsp;단점들이&amp;nbsp;자잘하다&amp;nbsp;느껴질 만큼&amp;nbsp;XA는&amp;nbsp;매력이&amp;nbsp;충분한&amp;nbsp;카메라이다. 분명히&amp;nbsp;재밌고,&amp;nbsp;기대보다&amp;nbsp;좋은&amp;nbsp;사진을&amp;nbsp;뽑아준다.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;figure class=&quot;imageblock alignCenter&quot; data-ke-mobileStyle=&quot;widthOrigin&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;1280&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;861&quot;&gt;&lt;span data-url=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/43aVp/btrHnxQdpbB/rT2ZKvqHbSzXkmSIxXR1e0/img.jpg&quot; data-phocus=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/43aVp/btrHnxQdpbB/rT2ZKvqHbSzXkmSIxXR1e0/img.jpg&quot; data-alt=&quot;흑백필름은 아니고, 후보정으로 색을 뺐다. 야간의 실내인데도 꽤나 선명한 사진을 담아준다.&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/43aVp/btrHnxQdpbB/rT2ZKvqHbSzXkmSIxXR1e0/img.jpg&quot; srcset=&quot;https://img1.daumcdn.net/thumb/R1280x0/?scode=mtistory2&amp;fname=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.kakaocdn.net%2Fdn%2F43aVp%2FbtrHnxQdpbB%2FrT2ZKvqHbSzXkmSIxXR1e0%2Fimg.jpg&quot; onerror=&quot;this.onerror=null; this.src='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png'; this.srcset='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png';&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot; width=&quot;1280&quot; height=&quot;861&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;1280&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;861&quot;/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;figcaption&gt;흑백필름은 아니고, 후보정으로 색을 뺐다. 야간의 실내인데도 꽤나 선명한 사진을 담아준다.&lt;/figcaption&gt;
&lt;/figure&gt;
&lt;figure class=&quot;imageblock alignCenter&quot; data-ke-mobileStyle=&quot;widthOrigin&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;1280&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;861&quot;&gt;&lt;span data-url=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/cgwOem/btrHktudn8y/c2pSY9dLG0qp2jZ5RbmKP1/img.jpg&quot; data-phocus=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/cgwOem/btrHktudn8y/c2pSY9dLG0qp2jZ5RbmKP1/img.jpg&quot; data-alt=&quot;당연히도, 역광같은 상황에는 그리 잘 나오지 않는다. 곰팡이의 영향도 있을 듯&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/cgwOem/btrHktudn8y/c2pSY9dLG0qp2jZ5RbmKP1/img.jpg&quot; srcset=&quot;https://img1.daumcdn.net/thumb/R1280x0/?scode=mtistory2&amp;fname=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.kakaocdn.net%2Fdn%2FcgwOem%2FbtrHktudn8y%2Fc2pSY9dLG0qp2jZ5RbmKP1%2Fimg.jpg&quot; onerror=&quot;this.onerror=null; this.src='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png'; this.srcset='//t1.daumcdn.net/tistory_admin/static/images/no-image-v1.png';&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot; width=&quot;1280&quot; height=&quot;861&quot; data-origin-width=&quot;1280&quot; data-origin-height=&quot;861&quot;/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;figcaption&gt;당연히도, 역광같은 상황에는 그리 잘 나오지 않는다. 곰팡이의 영향도 있을 듯&lt;/figcaption&gt;
&lt;/figure&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: AppleSDGothicNeo-Regular, 'Malgun Gothic', '맑은 고딕', dotum, 돋움, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;디지털에&amp;nbsp;질렸거나,&amp;nbsp;언제든지&amp;nbsp;주머니에서&amp;nbsp;꺼내&amp;nbsp;사진을&amp;nbsp;찍을&amp;nbsp;작은&amp;nbsp;카메라를&amp;nbsp;찾고 있다면&amp;nbsp;주저하지 않고&amp;nbsp;구매해봐도&amp;nbsp;괜찮지&amp;nbsp;않을까&amp;nbsp;싶다.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: AppleSDGothicNeo-Regular, 'Malgun Gothic', '맑은 고딕', dotum, 돋움, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;제조&amp;nbsp;:&amp;nbsp;OLYMPUS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: AppleSDGothicNeo-Regular, 'Malgun Gothic', '맑은 고딕', dotum, 돋움, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;모델명&amp;nbsp;:&amp;nbsp;XA&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: AppleSDGothicNeo-Regular, 'Malgun Gothic', '맑은 고딕', dotum, 돋움, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;구매 : 2021.10(중고)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</description>
      <category>리뷰/물건</category>
      <author>daily-kim</author>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://de1030.tistory.com/11</guid>
      <comments>https://de1030.tistory.com/11#entry11comment</comments>
      <pubDate>Fri, 15 Jul 2022 15:21:52 +0900</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>노션글을 빠르게 티스토리로(N2T : Notion to Tistory)</title>
      <link>https://de1030.tistory.com/10</link>
      <description>&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;블로그를 시작해 봐야지 생각만 한지가 어언 몇 년 글 쓰는 재주가 없어서 그런지 몇 차례 시도해 봤지만 오래가진 못했다.&lt;br /&gt;그런데 대학원에 들어가고, 간단한 생각 정리나 논문을 읽으면서 기록하는데에 노션을 사용하게 되었는데 마크다운식 글쓰기가 편해서인지 (비교적) 글을 쓰기가 쉬운 것 같아 즐겨 쓰고 있다.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;노션으로만 정리해놓은 글을 대충 쌓아놓기는 아까워서 블로그에 옮겨적어볼까 생각이 들었는데, 문제는 수식도 많이 들어가고 사진도 많아서 이걸 다시 적기도 귀찮고, md로 빼서 다시 github 블로그에 옮기려 해 봐도 영 귀찮아서 손이 안 갔다는 거다.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;그러다 혹시나 해서 찾아보니 노션을 티스토리 블로그로 꽤나 빠르게 옮기는 툴이 있어, 하나 테스트해보니 생각보다 잘 옮겨진다. 수식도 잘 따라가고, 이미지도 크게 깨지지 않아 노션에 쓴 원본글을 거의 그대로 옮겨올 수 있더라.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blog.daehee.kim/9&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot;&gt;https://blog.daehee.kim/9&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;figure id=&quot;og_1657864232164&quot; contenteditable=&quot;false&quot; data-ke-type=&quot;opengraph&quot; data-ke-align=&quot;alignCenter&quot; data-og-type=&quot;article&quot; data-og-title=&quot;Memory Networks&quot; data-og-description=&quot;1. Introduction 오늘날 대부분의 모델들은 장기 기억요소(Long-term memory component)를 전혀 사용하지 못하고 있다. QA task를 생각해 보자면, RNN을 사용해 구현하는 경우, 일련의 사실이나 이야기를 들은 &quot; data-og-host=&quot;blog.daehee.kim&quot; data-og-source-url=&quot;https://blog.daehee.kim/9&quot; data-og-url=&quot;https://blog.daehee.kim/9&quot; data-og-image=&quot;https://scrap.kakaocdn.net/dn/FH3QR/hyO5EfhKvp/0jzOX0uPryGNYGGeomJa90/img.png?width=800&amp;amp;height=140&amp;amp;face=0_0_800_140,https://scrap.kakaocdn.net/dn/bwfpYM/hyO5IorSs9/8New1d3US3sBn1Nk8WhylK/img.png?width=800&amp;amp;height=140&amp;amp;face=0_0_800_140,https://scrap.kakaocdn.net/dn/0UXno/hyO5FrI1eA/Xe36oKZ17emEQSWl45lJB0/img.png?width=1084&amp;amp;height=377&amp;amp;face=0_0_1084_377&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blog.daehee.kim/9&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; data-source-url=&quot;https://blog.daehee.kim/9&quot;&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;og-image&quot; style=&quot;background-image: url('https://scrap.kakaocdn.net/dn/FH3QR/hyO5EfhKvp/0jzOX0uPryGNYGGeomJa90/img.png?width=800&amp;amp;height=140&amp;amp;face=0_0_800_140,https://scrap.kakaocdn.net/dn/bwfpYM/hyO5IorSs9/8New1d3US3sBn1Nk8WhylK/img.png?width=800&amp;amp;height=140&amp;amp;face=0_0_800_140,https://scrap.kakaocdn.net/dn/0UXno/hyO5FrI1eA/Xe36oKZ17emEQSWl45lJB0/img.png?width=1084&amp;amp;height=377&amp;amp;face=0_0_1084_377');&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;og-text&quot;&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;og-title&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;Memory Networks&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;og-desc&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;1. Introduction 오늘날 대부분의 모델들은 장기 기억요소(Long-term memory component)를 전혀 사용하지 못하고 있다. QA task를 생각해 보자면, RNN을 사용해 구현하는 경우, 일련의 사실이나 이야기를 들은&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;og-host&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;blog.daehee.kim&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/figure&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;두 서비스 다 정식 API를 사용하기보다 selenium 기반으로 미묘하게 업로드 해서 언젠가 막힐지도 모르지만, 아직까지 꾸준히 작업중이신 것 같고, 정 안되면 중간중간 수정해서 사용 할 수도 있을 것 같아 당분간은 감사한 마음으로 사용해 볼까 한다. 자세한 사용법은 깃헙 참고하면 잘 나와있다.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/jmjeon94/N2T&quot;&gt;https://github.com/jmjeon94/N2T&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;figure id=&quot;og_1657864235937&quot; contenteditable=&quot;false&quot; data-ke-type=&quot;opengraph&quot; data-ke-align=&quot;alignCenter&quot; data-og-type=&quot;object&quot; data-og-title=&quot;GitHub - jmjeon94/N2T: Notion에서 Tistory로 포스팅을 해줍니다.&quot; data-og-description=&quot;Notion에서 Tistory로 포스팅을 해줍니다. Contribute to jmjeon94/N2T development by creating an account on GitHub.&quot; data-og-host=&quot;github.com&quot; data-og-source-url=&quot;https://github.com/jmjeon94/N2T&quot; data-og-url=&quot;https://github.com/jmjeon94/N2T&quot; data-og-image=&quot;https://scrap.kakaocdn.net/dn/OI0rQ/hyO5DOd4I0/VZCXEU4sh6zUia0KhXnJLK/img.png?width=1200&amp;amp;height=600&amp;amp;face=0_0_1200_600&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/jmjeon94/N2T&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; data-source-url=&quot;https://github.com/jmjeon94/N2T&quot;&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;og-image&quot; style=&quot;background-image: url('https://scrap.kakaocdn.net/dn/OI0rQ/hyO5DOd4I0/VZCXEU4sh6zUia0KhXnJLK/img.png?width=1200&amp;amp;height=600&amp;amp;face=0_0_1200_600');&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;og-text&quot;&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;og-title&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;GitHub - jmjeon94/N2T: Notion에서 Tistory로 포스팅을 해줍니다.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;og-desc&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;Notion에서 Tistory로 포스팅을 해줍니다. Contribute to jmjeon94/N2T development by creating an account on GitHub.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&quot;og-host&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;github.com&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/figure&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;</description>
      <category>잡생각</category>
      <author>daily-kim</author>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://de1030.tistory.com/10</guid>
      <comments>https://de1030.tistory.com/10#entry10comment</comments>
      <pubDate>Fri, 15 Jul 2022 14:53:03 +0900</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Memory Networks</title>
      <link>https://de1030.tistory.com/9</link>
      <description>&lt;body&gt;&lt;html&gt;&lt;head&gt;&lt;link href=&quot;//cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/highlight.js/10.1.2/styles/atom-one-dark.min.css&quot; rel=&quot;stylesheet&quot;/&gt;
&lt;script src=&quot;//cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/highlight.js/10.1.2/highlight.min.js&quot;&gt;&lt;/script&gt;
&lt;script&gt;hljs.initHighlightingOnLoad();&lt;/script&gt;&lt;/head&gt;&lt;/html&gt;&lt;link href=&quot;https://rawcdn.githack.com/ppuep94/n2t/5ef4dc01e9d6336341e9ab95bb71672f9d3a3dc9/assets/css/style2.css&quot; rel=&quot;stylesheet&quot;/&gt;&lt;article class=&quot;page sans Notion&quot; id=&quot;62a81a2a-024d-4072-9b33-3e171f539f47&quot;&gt;&lt;header&gt;&lt;/header&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;page-body Tistory&quot;&gt;&lt;h1 class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;95d79b64-bfae-47b6-8d11-8cb673e7adfc&quot;&gt;1. Introduction&lt;/h1&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;6465ada0-473f-4a70-8bf7-3ab57dbc5053&quot;&gt;오늘날 대부분의 모델들은 장기 기억요소(Long-term memory component)를 전혀 사용하지 못하고 있다. 
QA task를 생각해 보자면, RNN을 사용해 구현하는 경우, 일련의 사실이나 이야기를 들은 후, 하나의 hidden vector로 표현한다. 이러한 저장은 일반적으로 너무 작고, 과거의 사실들을 정확하게 기억한만큼 충분하지 못하다. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;0c13669b-d4ec-4b7a-9ad1-852641e611b3&quot;&gt;본 모델에서는 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해 메모리 네트워크 라는 새로운 모델 구조를 제안한다. 핵심 아이디어는 추론을 위해 ML의 학습전략을 메모리 요소와 결합하는 것이다. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;h1 class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;38ed62e2-6f78-49d9-86d5-3cedbb371c5f&quot;&gt;2. Memory networks&lt;/h1&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;90077be3-2738-4c58-b375-c0cb72751d0d&quot;&gt;2.1 구성요소&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;7b4cb3f8-f6e6-45d7-be4d-735470fb3c7b&quot;&gt;&lt;style&gt;@import url('https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/KaTeX/0.13.2/katex.min.css')&lt;/style&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;notion-text-equation-token&quot; contenteditable=&quot;false&quot; data-token-index=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;user-select:all;-webkit-user-select:all;-moz-user-select:all&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex-mathml&quot;&gt;&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;semantics&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;annotation encoding=&quot;application/x-tex&quot;&gt;m&lt;/annotation&gt;&lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot; class=&quot;katex-html&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;base&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;strut&quot; style=&quot;height:0.43056em;vertical-align:0em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;﻿&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; : memory&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;a96ffe2a-edf9-4ff0-9a0b-e30c50c04c36&quot;&gt;I : (input feature map) 입력된 input을 feature representation으로 변환&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;indented&quot;&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;7e2618b7-ee9a-46be-8968-411ea64ed40b&quot;&gt;&lt;style&gt;@import url('https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/KaTeX/0.13.2/katex.min.css')&lt;/style&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;notion-text-equation-token&quot; contenteditable=&quot;false&quot; data-token-index=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;user-select:all;-webkit-user-select:all;-moz-user-select:all&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex-mathml&quot;&gt;&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;semantics&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;x&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;annotation encoding=&quot;application/x-tex&quot;&gt;x&lt;/annotation&gt;&lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot; class=&quot;katex-html&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;base&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;strut&quot; style=&quot;height:0.43056em;vertical-align:0em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;﻿&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; → &lt;style&gt;@import url('https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/KaTeX/0.13.2/katex.min.css')&lt;/style&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;notion-text-equation-token&quot; contenteditable=&quot;false&quot; data-token-index=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;user-select:all;-webkit-user-select:all;-moz-user-select:all&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex-mathml&quot;&gt;&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;semantics&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;I&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo stretchy=&quot;false&quot;&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;x&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo stretchy=&quot;false&quot;&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;annotation encoding=&quot;application/x-tex&quot;&gt;I(x)&lt;/annotation&gt;&lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot; class=&quot;katex-html&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;base&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;strut&quot; style=&quot;height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.07847em;&quot;&gt;I&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mopen&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mclose&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;﻿&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;ff938635-01d1-4c43-9fae-e33e1a1dbf4a&quot;&gt;G : (generalization) 메모리를 업데이트(왜 generalization이냐? → 향후 과정에서 메모리를 압축하고, 일반화하는 과정이 있기 때문)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;indented&quot;&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;82f7cac4-0801-468a-b134-7a4831536cc3&quot;&gt;&lt;style&gt;@import url('https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/KaTeX/0.13.2/katex.min.css')&lt;/style&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;notion-text-equation-token&quot; contenteditable=&quot;false&quot; data-token-index=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;user-select:all;-webkit-user-select:all;-moz-user-select:all&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex-mathml&quot;&gt;&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;semantics&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;i&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;G&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo stretchy=&quot;false&quot;&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;i&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo separator=&quot;true&quot;&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;I&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo stretchy=&quot;false&quot;&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;x&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo stretchy=&quot;false&quot;&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mo separator=&quot;true&quot;&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo stretchy=&quot;false&quot;&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mo separator=&quot;true&quot;&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi mathvariant=&quot;normal&quot;&gt;∀&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;i&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi mathvariant=&quot;normal&quot;&gt;.&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;annotation encoding=&quot;application/x-tex&quot;&gt;m_i=G(m_i,I(x),m), ∀i.&lt;/annotation&gt;&lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot; class=&quot;katex-html&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;base&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;strut&quot; style=&quot;height:0.58056em;vertical-align:-0.15em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.31166399999999994em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot;&gt;i&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.15em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mrel&quot;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;base&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;strut&quot; style=&quot;height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot;&gt;G&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mopen&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.31166399999999994em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot;&gt;i&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.15em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mpunct&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.07847em;&quot;&gt;I&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mopen&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mclose&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mpunct&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mclose&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mpunct&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;∀&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot;&gt;i&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;﻿&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;5e5fe012-424b-4869-b064-e1d36583a3f4&quot;&gt;O : (output feature map) 새 입력과 기존의 메모리들을 통해 feature representation space 상에서의 출력 생성&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;indented&quot;&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;a199379c-6833-4ba8-bb1a-158b55d3041e&quot;&gt;&lt;style&gt;@import url('https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/KaTeX/0.13.2/katex.min.css')&lt;/style&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;notion-text-equation-token&quot; contenteditable=&quot;false&quot; data-token-index=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;user-select:all;-webkit-user-select:all;-moz-user-select:all&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex-mathml&quot;&gt;&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;semantics&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;o&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;O&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo stretchy=&quot;false&quot;&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;I&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo stretchy=&quot;false&quot;&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;x&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo stretchy=&quot;false&quot;&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mo separator=&quot;true&quot;&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo stretchy=&quot;false&quot;&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;annotation encoding=&quot;application/x-tex&quot;&gt;o = O(I(x),m)&lt;/annotation&gt;&lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot; class=&quot;katex-html&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;base&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;strut&quot; style=&quot;height:0.43056em;vertical-align:0em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot;&gt;o&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mrel&quot;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;base&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;strut&quot; style=&quot;height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.02778em;&quot;&gt;O&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mopen&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.07847em;&quot;&gt;I&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mopen&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mclose&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mpunct&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mclose&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;﻿&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;8c15c522-4b79-4751-8ddc-30544f585b3f&quot;&gt;R : (response) 출력을 원하는 형식으로 변환.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;indented&quot;&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;82a4980b-4866-4582-bbf9-725a8bf1a340&quot;&gt;&lt;style&gt;@import url('https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/KaTeX/0.13.2/katex.min.css')&lt;/style&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;notion-text-equation-token&quot; contenteditable=&quot;false&quot; data-token-index=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;user-select:all;-webkit-user-select:all;-moz-user-select:all&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex-mathml&quot;&gt;&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;semantics&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;r&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;R&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo stretchy=&quot;false&quot;&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;o&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo stretchy=&quot;false&quot;&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;annotation encoding=&quot;application/x-tex&quot;&gt;r=R(o)&lt;/annotation&gt;&lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot; class=&quot;katex-html&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;base&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;strut&quot; style=&quot;height:0.43056em;vertical-align:0em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.02778em;&quot;&gt;r&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mrel&quot;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;base&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;strut&quot; style=&quot;height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.00773em;&quot;&gt;R&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mopen&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot;&gt;o&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mclose&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;﻿&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;9a7a5810-8294-4352-b77a-9481a20d03d5&quot;&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;e9b42a04-2938-417d-82a2-d63211dcc46c&quot;&gt;train 단계에서는 I~R 을 거치며 메모리 업데이트, test 단계에서는 I~R을 거치는것은 같으나 파라미터를 고정 하는 방식으로 진행, &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;0e46b93f-38d3-4f94-afc9-882c0dbe02f2&quot;&gt;&lt;mark class=&quot;highlight-red&quot;&gt;메모리 네트워크는 General 한 모델로, 원하는 사용 용도에 따라 I,G,O,R에 다양한 모델을 적용할 수 있다.&lt;/mark&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3 class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;a3b48096-8cc1-4cfe-9ac0-bf5be87f4d62&quot;&gt;I component&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;a08a410b-4998-4ac8-89e9-a5e9f42d07ec&quot;&gt;I 단계에서는 텍스트 입력에 대한 pre-processing 과정을 진행한다. input을 feature representation으로 변환하는 과저이 링러난다.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3 class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;9c54c1ce-8652-4a37-ae0e-b125c7d574cc&quot;&gt;G component&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;711cd33e-719e-475e-a1ea-c0655ae32994&quot;&gt;메모리를 저장하는 방식에 따라 다양한 구현을 시도해 볼 수 있을 것이다. 가장 단순하게는 모든 입력을 메모리에 순차적으로 저장하는 것이지만, 해당 논문에서는 hash function과 같은 방법들을 통해 많은 데이터에서 효율적으로 원하는 메모리에 접근하는 과정을 설계했다. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;34faf4ec-b137-4081-b35b-7bc7bc667454&quot;&gt;메모리가 가득 찼을때 forgetting 과정또한 필요할 수 있음을 언급했지만, 저자들은 이에대해 구현까지는 진행하지 않았다.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3 class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;f8e7da21-95a7-4afd-a7c3-501afc45de78&quot;&gt;O,R components&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;26a476cb-e866-47de-aa75-460d7265a8d2&quot;&gt;O 에서는 일반적으로 메모리에서 응답을 읽어내고, 추론하는 과정을 진행한다. R 에서는 이렇게 얻은 feature vector representation으로 부터 최종적인 결과물을 생성하게 된다.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;2ace9309-e063-49ba-996c-7d0d02e159ff&quot;&gt;해당 논문에서 중점으로 살펴본 QA task의 경우는 O에서 관련된 메모리들(relevant memories)을 찾고, R에서는 결과로 내어줄 실제 문장(혹은 단어)를 생성한다.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h1 class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;a5a0e6f9-dfaf-4e72-a671-c5374793e7c8&quot;&gt;3 A MemNN IMPLEMENTATION FOR TEXT&lt;/h1&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;c642cabf-c428-4313-9e2d-cee28ff03a2f&quot;&gt;저자들은 메모리 네트워크의 구현 중 component들이 neural network인 것을 Memory neural network(memNN) 이라 이름붙이고, 입출력으로 텍스트를 가지는 qa task에 대해 구현했다.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;e6c44ced-d3b1-498e-a7db-9ce717c94512&quot;&gt;3.1 Basic model(for qa)&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;fb6af146-bc7c-490a-aaa9-883c129e38dd&quot;&gt;해당 모델에서 I 모듈은 입력 텍스트(사실을 담은 기술 또는 시스템에게 물어볼 문장)를 받는다.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;9a185150-6c76-43d1-9745-06d892280ae8&quot;&gt;텍스트는 original form으로 memory에 저장된다. 즉 G 모듈은 새로운 데이터를 저장하는데에만 쓰이고 기존 데이터는 업데이트 되지 않는다.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;65c209ba-e2a9-4003-8872-0d46c505405b&quot;&gt;추론은 O,R 모듈에서 진행된다.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;3b6654db-8d28-4805-9e2c-26396782743d&quot;&gt;O 모듈은 given query x 로 부터 k 개의 supporting 메모리를 찾는다. (해당 구현에서 k=2로 설정되었다.) &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;cbbf208b-27ac-4ca5-9197-cbb72ee5d8ba&quot;&gt;k=1 일때 highest vector o_1은 다음과 같이 찾아진다.(&lt;style&gt;@import url('https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/KaTeX/0.13.2/katex.min.css')&lt;/style&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;notion-text-equation-token&quot; contenteditable=&quot;false&quot; data-token-index=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;user-select:all;-webkit-user-select:all;-moz-user-select:all&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex-mathml&quot;&gt;&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;semantics&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;s&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;O&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;annotation encoding=&quot;application/x-tex&quot;&gt;s_O&lt;/annotation&gt;&lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot; class=&quot;katex-html&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;base&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;strut&quot; style=&quot;height:0.58056em;vertical-align:-0.15em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot;&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.32833099999999993em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.02778em;&quot;&gt;O&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.15em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;﻿&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;는 &lt;style&gt;@import url('https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/KaTeX/0.13.2/katex.min.css')&lt;/style&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;notion-text-equation-token&quot; contenteditable=&quot;false&quot; data-token-index=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;user-select:all;-webkit-user-select:all;-moz-user-select:all&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex-mathml&quot;&gt;&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;semantics&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;x&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;annotation encoding=&quot;application/x-tex&quot;&gt;x&lt;/annotation&gt;&lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot; class=&quot;katex-html&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;base&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;strut&quot; style=&quot;height:0.43056em;vertical-align:0em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;﻿&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; 와 &lt;style&gt;@import url('https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/KaTeX/0.13.2/katex.min.css')&lt;/style&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;notion-text-equation-token&quot; contenteditable=&quot;false&quot; data-token-index=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;user-select:all;-webkit-user-select:all;-moz-user-select:all&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex-mathml&quot;&gt;&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;semantics&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;i&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;annotation encoding=&quot;application/x-tex&quot;&gt;m_i&lt;/annotation&gt;&lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot; class=&quot;katex-html&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;base&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;strut&quot; style=&quot;height:0.58056em;vertical-align:-0.15em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.31166399999999994em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot;&gt;i&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.15em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;﻿&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; 간의 scoring function)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;figure class=&quot;equation&quot; id=&quot;883811eb-5010-4c0f-8636-a26857903d58&quot;&gt;&lt;style&gt;@import url('https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/KaTeX/0.13.2/katex.min.css')&lt;/style&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;equation-container&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex-display&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex-mathml&quot;&gt;&lt;math display=&quot;block&quot; xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;semantics&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;o&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mn&gt;1&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;O&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mn&gt;1&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo stretchy=&quot;false&quot;&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;x&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo separator=&quot;true&quot;&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi mathvariant=&quot;bold&quot;&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo stretchy=&quot;false&quot;&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;&lt;munder&gt;&lt;mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;arg&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;⁡&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;max&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;⁡&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;i&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;1&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo separator=&quot;true&quot;&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mo&gt;…&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mo separator=&quot;true&quot;&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;N&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/munder&gt;&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;s&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;O&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo fence=&quot;true&quot;&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;x&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo separator=&quot;true&quot;&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi mathvariant=&quot;bold&quot;&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;i&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo fence=&quot;true&quot;&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;annotation encoding=&quot;application/x-tex&quot;&gt;o_{1}=O_{1}(x, \mathbf{m})=\underset{i=1, \ldots, N}{\arg \max } s_{O}\left(x, \mathbf{m}_{i}\right)&lt;/annotation&gt;&lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot; class=&quot;katex-html&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;base&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;strut&quot; style=&quot;height:0.58056em;vertical-align:-0.15em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot;&gt;o&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.30110799999999993em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.15em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mrel&quot;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;base&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;strut&quot; style=&quot;height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.02778em;&quot;&gt;O&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.30110799999999993em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.02778em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.15em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mopen&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mpunct&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathbf&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mclose&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mrel&quot;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;base&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;strut&quot; style=&quot;height:1.8248790000000001em;vertical-align:-1.0748790000000001em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mop op-limits&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.43055999999999983em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.161229em;margin-left:0em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:3em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot;&gt;i&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mrel mtight&quot;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mpunct mtight&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;minner mtight&quot;&gt;…&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mpunct mtight&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.10903em;&quot;&gt;N&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-3em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:3em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mop&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mop&quot;&gt;ar&lt;span style=&quot;margin-right:0.01389em;&quot;&gt;g&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mop&quot;&gt;max&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:1.0748790000000001em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot;&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.32833099999999993em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.02778em;&quot;&gt;O&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.15em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;minner&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mopen delimcenter&quot; style=&quot;top:0em;&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mpunct&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathbf&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.31166399999999994em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot;&gt;i&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.15em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mclose delimcenter&quot; style=&quot;top:0em;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/figure&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;9833d557-f96e-4c5b-8c3f-46e2133b5e16&quot;&gt;k=2 일때 o_1과 x로 부터 O_2를 찾는다.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;figure class=&quot;equation&quot; id=&quot;1f85ed9b-7da5-4648-b75d-ad3c2bad59ce&quot;&gt;&lt;style&gt;@import url('https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/KaTeX/0.13.2/katex.min.css')&lt;/style&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;equation-container&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex-display&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex-mathml&quot;&gt;&lt;math display=&quot;block&quot; xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;semantics&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;o&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;O&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo stretchy=&quot;false&quot;&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;x&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo separator=&quot;true&quot;&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi mathvariant=&quot;bold&quot;&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo stretchy=&quot;false&quot;&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;&lt;munder&gt;&lt;mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;arg&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;⁡&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;max&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;⁡&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;i&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;1&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo separator=&quot;true&quot;&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mo&gt;…&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mo separator=&quot;true&quot;&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;N&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/munder&gt;&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;s&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;O&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo fence=&quot;true&quot;&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo fence=&quot;true&quot;&gt;[&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;x&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo separator=&quot;true&quot;&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi mathvariant=&quot;bold&quot;&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;o&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mn&gt;1&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo fence=&quot;true&quot;&gt;]&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mo separator=&quot;true&quot;&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi mathvariant=&quot;bold&quot;&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;i&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo fence=&quot;true&quot;&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;annotation encoding=&quot;application/x-tex&quot;&gt;o_{2}=O_{2}(x, \mathbf{m})=\underset{i=1, \ldots, N}{\arg \max } s_{O}\left(\left[x, \mathbf{m}_{o_{1}}\right], \mathbf{m}_{i}\right)&lt;/annotation&gt;&lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot; class=&quot;katex-html&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;base&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;strut&quot; style=&quot;height:0.58056em;vertical-align:-0.15em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot;&gt;o&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.30110799999999993em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.15em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mrel&quot;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;base&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;strut&quot; style=&quot;height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.02778em;&quot;&gt;O&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.30110799999999993em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.02778em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.15em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mopen&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mpunct&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathbf&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mclose&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mrel&quot;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;base&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;strut&quot; style=&quot;height:1.8248790000000001em;vertical-align:-1.0748790000000001em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mop op-limits&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.43055999999999983em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.161229em;margin-left:0em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:3em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot;&gt;i&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mrel mtight&quot;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mpunct mtight&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;minner mtight&quot;&gt;…&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mpunct mtight&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.10903em;&quot;&gt;N&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-3em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:3em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mop&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mop&quot;&gt;ar&lt;span style=&quot;margin-right:0.01389em;&quot;&gt;g&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mop&quot;&gt;max&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:1.0748790000000001em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot;&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.32833099999999993em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.02778em;&quot;&gt;O&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.15em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;minner&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mopen delimcenter&quot; style=&quot;top:0em;&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;minner&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mopen delimcenter&quot; style=&quot;top:0em;&quot;&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mpunct&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathbf&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.15139199999999997em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot;&gt;o&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.31731428571428577em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.357em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.07142857142857144em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.5em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.143em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.2501em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mclose delimcenter&quot; style=&quot;top:0em;&quot;&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mpunct&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathbf&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.31166399999999994em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot;&gt;i&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.15em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mclose delimcenter&quot; style=&quot;top:0em;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/figure&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;6fe75a42-b737-488e-ac78-c0e9aa070c4e&quot;&gt;R에서 받을 final output &lt;style&gt;@import url('https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/KaTeX/0.13.2/katex.min.css')&lt;/style&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;notion-text-equation-token&quot; contenteditable=&quot;false&quot; data-token-index=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;user-select:all;-webkit-user-select:all;-moz-user-select:all&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex-mathml&quot;&gt;&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;semantics&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;o&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mo stretchy=&quot;false&quot;&gt;[&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;x&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo separator=&quot;true&quot;&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;o&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mn&gt;1&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo separator=&quot;true&quot;&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;o&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo stretchy=&quot;false&quot;&gt;]&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;annotation encoding=&quot;application/x-tex&quot;&gt;o = [x,m_{o_1},m_{o_2}]&lt;/annotation&gt;&lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot; class=&quot;katex-html&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;base&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;strut&quot; style=&quot;height:0.43056em;vertical-align:0em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot;&gt;o&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mrel&quot;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;base&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;strut&quot; style=&quot;height:1.0001em;vertical-align:-0.2501em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mopen&quot;&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mpunct&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.15139199999999997em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot;&gt;o&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.31731428571428577em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.357em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.07142857142857144em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.5em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.143em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.2501em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mpunct&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.15139199999999997em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot;&gt;o&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.31731428571428577em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.357em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.07142857142857144em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.5em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.143em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.2501em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mclose&quot;&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;﻿&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; ( barket is list)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;44bc8ec8-718a-4f49-9742-026d28fcb60b&quot;&gt;R에서는 real text response &lt;style&gt;@import url('https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/KaTeX/0.13.2/katex.min.css')&lt;/style&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;notion-text-equation-token&quot; contenteditable=&quot;false&quot; data-token-index=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;user-select:all;-webkit-user-select:all;-moz-user-select:all&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex-mathml&quot;&gt;&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;semantics&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;r&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;annotation encoding=&quot;application/x-tex&quot;&gt;r&lt;/annotation&gt;&lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot; class=&quot;katex-html&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;base&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;strut&quot; style=&quot;height:0.43056em;vertical-align:0em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.02778em;&quot;&gt;r&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;﻿&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;을 만들어야 한다. 가장 간단하게는 입력된 input 중 하나를 출력하면 되겠지만, 진정한 문장 생성을 위해 이번 구현에서는 RNN 모델을 사용하였다. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;45f75fe8-eefa-4668-8c20-963d378a68ff&quot;&gt;&lt;mark class=&quot;highlight-red&quot;&gt;후의 실험에서는 text응답을 단일단어로 제한하는 접근에 대해서도 논의 할 것이다.&lt;/mark&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;figure class=&quot;equation&quot; id=&quot;7195e4dd-1e0b-414b-99a5-5d2e3538abcb&quot;&gt;&lt;style&gt;@import url('https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/KaTeX/0.13.2/katex.min.css')&lt;/style&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;equation-container&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex-display&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex-mathml&quot;&gt;&lt;math display=&quot;block&quot; xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;semantics&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;r&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi mathvariant=&quot;normal&quot;&gt;argmax&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;⁡&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;w&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;∈&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;W&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;s&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;R&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo fence=&quot;true&quot;&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo fence=&quot;true&quot;&gt;[&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;x&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo separator=&quot;true&quot;&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi mathvariant=&quot;bold&quot;&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;o&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mn&gt;1&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo separator=&quot;true&quot;&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi mathvariant=&quot;bold&quot;&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;o&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo fence=&quot;true&quot;&gt;]&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mo separator=&quot;true&quot;&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;w&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo fence=&quot;true&quot;&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;annotation encoding=&quot;application/x-tex&quot;&gt;r=\operatorname{argmax}_{w \in W} s_{R}\left(\left[x, \mathbf{m}_{o_{1}}, \mathbf{m}_{o_{2}}\right], w\right)&lt;/annotation&gt;&lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot; class=&quot;katex-html&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;base&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;strut&quot; style=&quot;height:0.43056em;vertical-align:0em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.02778em;&quot;&gt;r&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mrel&quot;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;base&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;strut&quot; style=&quot;height:1.02151em;vertical-align:-0.27151em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mop&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mop&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathrm&quot;&gt;argmax&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.23419099999999998em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.45586em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.02691em;&quot;&gt;w&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mrel mtight&quot;&gt;∈&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.13889em;&quot;&gt;W&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.27151em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot;&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.32833099999999993em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.00773em;&quot;&gt;R&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.15em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;minner&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mopen delimcenter&quot; style=&quot;top:0em;&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;minner&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mopen delimcenter&quot; style=&quot;top:0em;&quot;&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mpunct&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathbf&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.15139199999999997em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot;&gt;o&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.31731428571428577em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.357em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.07142857142857144em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.5em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.143em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.2501em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mpunct&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathbf&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.15139199999999997em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot;&gt;o&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.31731428571428577em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.357em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.07142857142857144em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.5em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.143em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.2501em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mclose delimcenter&quot; style=&quot;top:0em;&quot;&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mpunct&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.02691em;&quot;&gt;w&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mclose delimcenter&quot; style=&quot;top:0em;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/figure&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;a9da5e01-19e0-401f-98db-4adc60a1f3c7&quot;&gt;&lt;style&gt;@import url('https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/KaTeX/0.13.2/katex.min.css')&lt;/style&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;notion-text-equation-token&quot; contenteditable=&quot;false&quot; data-token-index=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;user-select:all;-webkit-user-select:all;-moz-user-select:all&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex-mathml&quot;&gt;&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;semantics&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;W&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;annotation encoding=&quot;application/x-tex&quot;&gt;W&lt;/annotation&gt;&lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot; class=&quot;katex-html&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;base&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;strut&quot; style=&quot;height:0.68333em;vertical-align:0em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.13889em;&quot;&gt;W&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;﻿&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;는 set of words in the dictionary, &lt;style&gt;@import url('https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/KaTeX/0.13.2/katex.min.css')&lt;/style&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;notion-text-equation-token&quot; contenteditable=&quot;false&quot; data-token-index=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;user-select:all;-webkit-user-select:all;-moz-user-select:all&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex-mathml&quot;&gt;&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;semantics&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;S&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;R&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;annotation encoding=&quot;application/x-tex&quot;&gt;S_R&lt;/annotation&gt;&lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot; class=&quot;katex-html&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;base&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;strut&quot; style=&quot;height:0.83333em;vertical-align:-0.15em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.05764em;&quot;&gt;S&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.32833099999999993em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.05764em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.00773em;&quot;&gt;R&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.15em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;﻿&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;은 score function&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;03268550-e72a-40b9-8f57-e0e1c42a829b&quot;&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;figure class=&quot;image&quot; id=&quot;8b55df33-f6c8-4549-8595-11fec525689a&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/dTcTsP/btrHiWXfUDr/SChYDTO9hjbEmNFlmCRre0/img.png&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/dTcTsP/btrHiWXfUDr/SChYDTO9hjbEmNFlmCRre0/img.png&quot; style=&quot;width:1163px&quot;/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;figcaption&gt;experiment 1&lt;/figcaption&gt;&lt;/figure&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;c613eb15-5452-4002-8a5e-76dfa56ddfdc&quot;&gt;위 구현에서 scoring function &lt;style&gt;@import url('https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/KaTeX/0.13.2/katex.min.css')&lt;/style&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;notion-text-equation-token&quot; contenteditable=&quot;false&quot; data-token-index=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;user-select:all;-webkit-user-select:all;-moz-user-select:all&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex-mathml&quot;&gt;&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;semantics&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;s&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;O&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo separator=&quot;true&quot;&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;s&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;R&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;annotation encoding=&quot;application/x-tex&quot;&gt;s_O, s_R&lt;/annotation&gt;&lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot; class=&quot;katex-html&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;base&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;strut&quot; style=&quot;height:0.625em;vertical-align:-0.19444em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot;&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.32833099999999993em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.02778em;&quot;&gt;O&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.15em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mpunct&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot;&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.32833099999999993em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.00773em;&quot;&gt;R&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.15em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;﻿&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;은 embedding 에서 비슷한 표현을 뽑는데, 같은 form을 사용했다.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;figure class=&quot;equation&quot; id=&quot;cd30758f-dd53-4847-b529-de0b9badf24a&quot;&gt;&lt;style&gt;@import url('https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/KaTeX/0.13.2/katex.min.css')&lt;/style&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;equation-container&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex-display&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex-mathml&quot;&gt;&lt;math display=&quot;block&quot; xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;semantics&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;s&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo stretchy=&quot;false&quot;&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;x&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo separator=&quot;true&quot;&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;y&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo stretchy=&quot;false&quot;&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi mathvariant=&quot;normal&quot;&gt;Φ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;x&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo stretchy=&quot;false&quot;&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;x&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mo stretchy=&quot;false&quot;&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi mathvariant=&quot;normal&quot;&gt;⊤&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mi&gt;U&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi mathvariant=&quot;normal&quot;&gt;⊤&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;mi&gt;U&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi mathvariant=&quot;normal&quot;&gt;Φ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;y&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo stretchy=&quot;false&quot;&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;y&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo stretchy=&quot;false&quot;&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;annotation encoding=&quot;application/x-tex&quot;&gt;s(x, y)=\Phi_{x}(x)^{\top} U^{\top} U \Phi_{y}(y)&lt;/annotation&gt;&lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot; class=&quot;katex-html&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;base&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;strut&quot; style=&quot;height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot;&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mopen&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mpunct&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.03588em;&quot;&gt;y&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mclose&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mrel&quot;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;base&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;strut&quot; style=&quot;height:1.1852159999999998em;vertical-align:-0.286108em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;Φ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.151392em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.15em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mopen&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mclose&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mclose&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.8991079999999999em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-3.113em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;⊤&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.10903em;&quot;&gt;U&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.8991079999999999em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-3.113em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;⊤&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.10903em;&quot;&gt;U&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;Φ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.15139200000000003em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.03588em;&quot;&gt;y&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.286108em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mopen&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.03588em;&quot;&gt;y&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mclose&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/figure&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;80ffa607-09cd-4ad4-8bd4-ea09652ee257&quot;&gt;U는 n*D matrix, D : num of features, n : embedding dim&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;638777de-253c-4d07-9fb2-87f6c4d20d84&quot;&gt;&lt;style&gt;@import url('https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/KaTeX/0.13.2/katex.min.css')&lt;/style&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;notion-text-equation-token&quot; contenteditable=&quot;false&quot; data-token-index=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;user-select:all;-webkit-user-select:all;-moz-user-select:all&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex-mathml&quot;&gt;&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;semantics&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi mathvariant=&quot;normal&quot;&gt;Φ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;x&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo separator=&quot;true&quot;&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi mathvariant=&quot;normal&quot;&gt;Φ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;y&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;annotation encoding=&quot;application/x-tex&quot;&gt;Φx , Φy&lt;/annotation&gt;&lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot; class=&quot;katex-html&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;base&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;strut&quot; style=&quot;height:0.8777699999999999em;vertical-align:-0.19444em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;Φ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mpunct&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;Φ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.03588em;&quot;&gt;y&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;﻿&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;는 x,y를 D-dim feature space에 mapping 하는 함수&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;2c94d3c1-25ea-4639-ab4f-d1b936ef3a79&quot;&gt;가장 간단한 feature space는 bag of word 표현이며, 해당 논문에서는 &lt;style&gt;@import url('https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/KaTeX/0.13.2/katex.min.css')&lt;/style&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;notion-text-equation-token&quot; contenteditable=&quot;false&quot; data-token-index=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;user-select:all;-webkit-user-select:all;-moz-user-select:all&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex-mathml&quot;&gt;&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;semantics&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;D&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;3&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mi mathvariant=&quot;normal&quot;&gt;∣&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;W&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi mathvariant=&quot;normal&quot;&gt;∣&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;annotation encoding=&quot;application/x-tex&quot;&gt;D=3|W|&lt;/annotation&gt;&lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot; class=&quot;katex-html&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;base&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;strut&quot; style=&quot;height:0.68333em;vertical-align:0em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.02778em;&quot;&gt;D&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mrel&quot;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;base&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;strut&quot; style=&quot;height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;3∣&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.13889em;&quot;&gt;W&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;∣&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;﻿&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;로 설정하였다.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;27f3f409-7f7b-4925-b7ca-a62215b1fc9f&quot;&gt;즉, dictionary 내 단어들은 세가지 표현을 가진다. one for Φy(.) and two for Φx(.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;52bc0650-6254-472b-958b-1cbb3234d37d&quot;&gt;논문에서는 o,r의 scoring을 위해 같은 D를 사용했으며, 각각 다른 weight matrix &lt;style&gt;@import url('https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/KaTeX/0.13.2/katex.min.css')&lt;/style&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;notion-text-equation-token&quot; contenteditable=&quot;false&quot; data-token-index=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;user-select:all;-webkit-user-select:all;-moz-user-select:all&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex-mathml&quot;&gt;&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;semantics&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;U&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;o&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo separator=&quot;true&quot;&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;U&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;R&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;annotation encoding=&quot;application/x-tex&quot;&gt;U_o, U_R&lt;/annotation&gt;&lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot; class=&quot;katex-html&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;base&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;strut&quot; style=&quot;height:0.8777699999999999em;vertical-align:-0.19444em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.10903em;&quot;&gt;U&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.151392em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.10903em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot;&gt;o&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.15em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mpunct&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.10903em;&quot;&gt;U&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.32833099999999993em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.10903em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.00773em;&quot;&gt;R&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.15em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;﻿&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;을 사용했다.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3 class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;2ba69b5e-49a6-4ef4-94e6-002161bd5b71&quot;&gt;Training&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;ad8f2c9c-9216-4e7c-b940-eae16ce857ee&quot;&gt;training 은 fully supervised로 이뤄졌다. 즉 이상적인 input ,response, supporting sentence(O의 결과) 가 정해져 있음.(test set 에선 input만) =&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;0a9cb502-40ee-40fe-96be-38512ca6e905&quot;&gt;training 에서는 margin ranking loss 와 SGD 가 사용되었다. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;9cd5ecd4-b5ae-4462-95a8-06e43fb71656&quot;&gt;&lt;style&gt;@import url('https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/KaTeX/0.13.2/katex.min.css')&lt;/style&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;notion-text-equation-token&quot; contenteditable=&quot;false&quot; data-token-index=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;user-select:all;-webkit-user-select:all;-moz-user-select:all&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex-mathml&quot;&gt;&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;semantics&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;x&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;annotation encoding=&quot;application/x-tex&quot;&gt;x&lt;/annotation&gt;&lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot; class=&quot;katex-html&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;base&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;strut&quot; style=&quot;height:0.43056em;vertical-align:0em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;﻿&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;와 그에 대한 true response &lt;style&gt;@import url('https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/KaTeX/0.13.2/katex.min.css')&lt;/style&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;notion-text-equation-token&quot; contenteditable=&quot;false&quot; data-token-index=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;user-select:all;-webkit-user-select:all;-moz-user-select:all&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex-mathml&quot;&gt;&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;semantics&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;r&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;annotation encoding=&quot;application/x-tex&quot;&gt;r&lt;/annotation&gt;&lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot; class=&quot;katex-html&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;base&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;strut&quot; style=&quot;height:0.43056em;vertical-align:0em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.02778em;&quot;&gt;r&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;﻿&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, supporting sentence &lt;style&gt;@import url('https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/KaTeX/0.13.2/katex.min.css')&lt;/style&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;notion-text-equation-token&quot; contenteditable=&quot;false&quot; data-token-index=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;user-select:all;-webkit-user-select:all;-moz-user-select:all&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex-mathml&quot;&gt;&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;semantics&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;o&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mn&gt;1&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo separator=&quot;true&quot;&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;o&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;annotation encoding=&quot;application/x-tex&quot;&gt;m_{o1},m_{o2}&lt;/annotation&gt;&lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot; class=&quot;katex-html&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;base&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;strut&quot; style=&quot;height:0.625em;vertical-align:-0.19444em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.30110799999999993em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot;&gt;o&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.15em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mpunct&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.30110799999999993em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot;&gt;o&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.15em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;﻿&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;를 알고 있을때 Loss func은 다음과 같다.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;figure class=&quot;equation&quot; id=&quot;94bc44ff-5dce-483b-9889-40f1c33b3408&quot;&gt;&lt;style&gt;@import url('https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/KaTeX/0.13.2/katex.min.css')&lt;/style&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;equation-container&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex-display&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex-mathml&quot;&gt;&lt;math display=&quot;block&quot; xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;semantics&gt;&lt;mtable columnalign=&quot;center&quot; columnspacing=&quot;0em&quot; rowspacing=&quot;0.2500em&quot;&gt;&lt;mtr&gt;&lt;mtd&gt;&lt;mstyle displaystyle=&quot;true&quot; scriptlevel=&quot;0&quot;&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;munder&gt;&lt;mo&gt;∑&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mover accent=&quot;true&quot;&gt;&lt;mi&gt;f&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;ˉ&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mover&gt;&lt;mo mathvariant=&quot;normal&quot;&gt;≠&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi mathvariant=&quot;bold&quot;&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;o&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mn&gt;1&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/munder&gt;&lt;mi&gt;max&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;⁡&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo fence=&quot;true&quot;&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo separator=&quot;true&quot;&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;γ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;−&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;s&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;O&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo fence=&quot;true&quot;&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;x&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo separator=&quot;true&quot;&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi mathvariant=&quot;bold&quot;&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;o&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mn&gt;1&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo fence=&quot;true&quot;&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;+&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;s&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;O&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo stretchy=&quot;false&quot;&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;x&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo separator=&quot;true&quot;&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mover accent=&quot;true&quot;&gt;&lt;mi&gt;f&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;ˉ&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mover&gt;&lt;mo stretchy=&quot;false&quot;&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mo fence=&quot;true&quot;&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;+&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/mstyle&gt;&lt;/mtd&gt;&lt;/mtr&gt;&lt;mtr&gt;&lt;mtd&gt;&lt;mstyle displaystyle=&quot;true&quot; scriptlevel=&quot;0&quot;&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;munder&gt;&lt;mo&gt;∑&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mover accent=&quot;true&quot;&gt;&lt;mi&gt;f&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;ˉ&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mover&gt;&lt;mo lspace=&quot;0em&quot; mathvariant=&quot;normal&quot; rspace=&quot;0em&quot;&gt;′&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;mo mathvariant=&quot;normal&quot;&gt;≠&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi mathvariant=&quot;bold&quot;&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;o&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/munder&gt;&lt;mi&gt;max&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;⁡&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo fence=&quot;true&quot;&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo separator=&quot;true&quot;&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;γ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;−&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;s&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;O&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo fence=&quot;true&quot;&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo fence=&quot;true&quot;&gt;[&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;x&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo separator=&quot;true&quot;&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi mathvariant=&quot;bold&quot;&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;o&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mn&gt;1&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo fence=&quot;true&quot;&gt;]&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mo separator=&quot;true&quot;&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi mathvariant=&quot;bold&quot;&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;o&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo fence=&quot;true&quot;&gt;]&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mo fence=&quot;true&quot;&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;+&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;s&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;O&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo fence=&quot;true&quot;&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo fence=&quot;true&quot;&gt;[&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;x&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo separator=&quot;true&quot;&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi mathvariant=&quot;bold&quot;&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;o&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mn&gt;1&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo fence=&quot;true&quot;&gt;]&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mo separator=&quot;true&quot;&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mover accent=&quot;true&quot;&gt;&lt;mi&gt;f&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;ˉ&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mover&gt;&lt;mo lspace=&quot;0em&quot; mathvariant=&quot;normal&quot; rspace=&quot;0em&quot;&gt;′&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;mo fence=&quot;true&quot;&gt;]&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mo fence=&quot;true&quot;&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mo fence=&quot;true&quot;&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;+&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/mstyle&gt;&lt;/mtd&gt;&lt;/mtr&gt;&lt;mtr&gt;&lt;mtd&gt;&lt;mstyle displaystyle=&quot;true&quot; scriptlevel=&quot;0&quot;&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;munder&gt;&lt;mo&gt;∑&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mover accent=&quot;true&quot;&gt;&lt;mi&gt;r&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;ˉ&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mover&gt;&lt;mo mathvariant=&quot;normal&quot;&gt;≠&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;r&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/munder&gt;&lt;mi&gt;max&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;⁡&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo fence=&quot;true&quot;&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo separator=&quot;true&quot;&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;γ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;−&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;s&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;R&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo fence=&quot;true&quot;&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo fence=&quot;true&quot;&gt;[&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;x&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo separator=&quot;true&quot;&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi mathvariant=&quot;bold&quot;&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;o&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mn&gt;1&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo separator=&quot;true&quot;&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi mathvariant=&quot;bold&quot;&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;o&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo fence=&quot;true&quot;&gt;]&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mo separator=&quot;true&quot;&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;r&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo fence=&quot;true&quot;&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;+&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;s&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;R&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo fence=&quot;true&quot;&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo fence=&quot;true&quot;&gt;[&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;x&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo separator=&quot;true&quot;&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi mathvariant=&quot;bold&quot;&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;o&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mn&gt;1&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo separator=&quot;true&quot;&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi mathvariant=&quot;bold&quot;&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;o&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo fence=&quot;true&quot;&gt;]&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mo separator=&quot;true&quot;&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mover accent=&quot;true&quot;&gt;&lt;mi&gt;r&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;ˉ&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mover&gt;&lt;mo fence=&quot;true&quot;&gt;]&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mo fence=&quot;true&quot;&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mo fence=&quot;true&quot;&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/mstyle&gt;&lt;/mtd&gt;&lt;/mtr&gt;&lt;/mtable&gt;&lt;annotation encoding=&quot;application/x-tex&quot;&gt;\begin{gathered}\sum_{\bar{f} \neq \mathbf{m}_{o_{1}}} \max \left(0, \gamma-s_{O}\left(x, \mathbf{m}_{o_{1}}\right)+s_{O}(x, \bar{f})\right)+ \\\left.\left.\sum_{\bar{f}^{\prime} \neq \mathbf{m}_{o_{2}}} \max \left(0, \gamma-s_{O}\left(\left[x, \mathbf{m}_{o_{1}}\right], \mathbf{m}_{o_{2}}\right]\right)+s_{O}\left(\left[x, \mathbf{m}_{o_{1}}\right], \bar{f}^{\prime}\right]\right)\right)+ \\\left.\sum_{\bar{r} \neq r} \max \left(0, \gamma-s_{R}\left(\left[x, \mathbf{m}_{o_{1}}, \mathbf{m}_{o_{2}}\right], r\right)+s_{R}\left(\left[x, \mathbf{m}_{o_{1}}, \mathbf{m}_{o_{2}}\right], \bar{r}\right]\right)\right)\end{gathered}&lt;/annotation&gt;&lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot; class=&quot;katex-html&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;base&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;strut&quot; style=&quot;height:10.895623em;vertical-align:-5.197811499999999em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mtable&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;col-align-c&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:5.6978115em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-8.6978265em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:4.05002em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mop op-limits&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:1.0500050000000003em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-1.752141em;margin-left:0em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:3.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord accent mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.8312199999999998em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.10764em;&quot;&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.9634400000000003em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;accent-body&quot; style=&quot;left:-0.08332999999999999em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;ˉ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.19444em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mrel mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mrel mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord vbox mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;thinbox mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;rlap mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;strut&quot; style=&quot;height:0.8888799999999999em;vertical-align:-0.19444em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;inner&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mrel mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;fix&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mrel mtight&quot;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathbf mtight&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.1645428571428571em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.3569999999999998em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.07142857142857144em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.5em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot;&gt;o&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.3448em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.3447999999999998em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.64444em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.29964em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.3570285714285715em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-3.050005em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:3.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mop op-symbol large-op&quot;&gt;∑&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:1.6477789999999999em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mop&quot;&gt;max&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;minner&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mopen delimcenter&quot; style=&quot;top:0em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;delimsizing size1&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mpunct&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.05556em;&quot;&gt;γ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mbin&quot;&gt;−&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot;&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.32833099999999993em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.02778em;&quot;&gt;O&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.15em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;minner&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mopen delimcenter&quot; style=&quot;top:0em;&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mpunct&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathbf&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.15139199999999997em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot;&gt;o&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.31731428571428577em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.357em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.07142857142857144em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.5em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.143em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.2501em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mclose delimcenter&quot; style=&quot;top:0em;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mbin&quot;&gt;+&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot;&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.32833099999999993em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.02778em;&quot;&gt;O&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.15em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mopen&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mpunct&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord accent&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.8312199999999998em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-3em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:3em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.10764em;&quot;&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-3.26344em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:3em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;accent-body&quot; style=&quot;left:-0.08332999999999999em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;ˉ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.19444em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mclose&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mclose delimcenter&quot; style=&quot;top:0em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;delimsizing size1&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;+&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-4.7000275em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:4.05002em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;minner&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mopen nulldelimiter&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;minner&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mopen nulldelimiter&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mop op-limits&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:1.0500050000000003em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-1.752141em;margin-left:0em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:3.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord accent mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.8312199999999998em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.10764em;&quot;&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.9634400000000003em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;accent-body&quot; style=&quot;left:-0.08332999999999999em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;ˉ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.19444em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.6828285714285715em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.786em;margin-right:0.07142857142857144em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.5em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;′&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mrel mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mrel mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord vbox mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;thinbox mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;rlap mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;strut&quot; style=&quot;height:0.8888799999999999em;vertical-align:-0.19444em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;inner&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mrel mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;fix&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mrel mtight&quot;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathbf mtight&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.1645428571428571em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.3569999999999998em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.07142857142857144em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.5em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot;&gt;o&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.3448em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.3447999999999998em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.64444em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.29964em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.3570285714285715em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-3.050005em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:3.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mop op-symbol large-op&quot;&gt;∑&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:1.6477789999999999em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mop&quot;&gt;max&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;minner&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mopen delimcenter&quot; style=&quot;top:0em;&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mpunct&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.05556em;&quot;&gt;γ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mbin&quot;&gt;−&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot;&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.32833099999999993em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.02778em;&quot;&gt;O&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.15em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;minner&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mopen delimcenter&quot; style=&quot;top:0em;&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;minner&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mopen delimcenter&quot; style=&quot;top:0em;&quot;&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mpunct&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathbf&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.15139199999999997em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot;&gt;o&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.31731428571428577em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.357em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.07142857142857144em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.5em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.143em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.2501em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mclose delimcenter&quot; style=&quot;top:0em;&quot;&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mpunct&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathbf&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.15139199999999997em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot;&gt;o&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.31731428571428577em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.357em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.07142857142857144em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.5em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.143em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.2501em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mclose delimcenter&quot; style=&quot;top:0em;&quot;&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mclose delimcenter&quot; style=&quot;top:0em;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mbin&quot;&gt;+&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot;&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.32833099999999993em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.02778em;&quot;&gt;O&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.15em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;minner&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mopen delimcenter&quot; style=&quot;top:0em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;delimsizing size1&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;minner&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mopen delimcenter&quot; style=&quot;top:0em;&quot;&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mpunct&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathbf&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.15139199999999997em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot;&gt;o&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.31731428571428577em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.357em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.07142857142857144em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.5em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.143em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.2501em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mclose delimcenter&quot; style=&quot;top:0em;&quot;&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mpunct&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord accent&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.8312199999999998em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-3em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:3em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.10764em;&quot;&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-3.26344em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:3em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;accent-body&quot; style=&quot;left:-0.08332999999999999em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;ˉ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.19444em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.801892em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-3.113em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;′&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mclose delimcenter&quot; style=&quot;top:0em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;delimsizing size1&quot;&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mclose&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;delimsizing mult&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:2.05002em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.2500000000000004em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:3.1550000000000002em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;delimsizinginner delim-size4&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;⎠&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-3.3970000000000002em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:3.1550000000000002em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;height:0.016em;width:0.875em;&quot;&gt;&lt;svg height=&quot;0.016em&quot; preserveaspectratio=&quot;xMinYMin&quot; style=&quot;width:0.875em&quot; viewbox=&quot;0 0 875 16&quot; width=&quot;0.875em&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=&quot;M457 0 H583 V16 H457z M457 0 H583 V16 H457z&quot;&gt;&lt;/path&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-4.05002em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:3.1550000000000002em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;delimsizinginner delim-size4&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;⎞&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:1.55002em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mclose&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;delimsizing mult&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:2.05002em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.2500000000000004em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:3.1550000000000002em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;delimsizinginner delim-size4&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;⎠&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-3.3970000000000002em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:3.1550000000000002em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;height:0.016em;width:0.875em;&quot;&gt;&lt;svg height=&quot;0.016em&quot; preserveaspectratio=&quot;xMinYMin&quot; style=&quot;width:0.875em&quot; viewbox=&quot;0 0 875 16&quot; width=&quot;0.875em&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=&quot;M457 0 H583 V16 H457z M457 0 H583 V16 H457z&quot;&gt;&lt;/path&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-4.05002em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:3.1550000000000002em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;delimsizinginner delim-size4&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;⎞&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:1.55002em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;+&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-0.7022285000000006em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:4.05002em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;minner&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mopen nulldelimiter&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mop op-limits&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:1.050005em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-1.8478869999999998em;margin-left:0em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:3.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord accent mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.56778em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.02778em;&quot;&gt;r&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;accent-body&quot; style=&quot;left:-0.19444em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;ˉ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mrel mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mrel mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord vbox mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;thinbox mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;rlap mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;strut&quot; style=&quot;height:0.8888799999999999em;vertical-align:-0.19444em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;inner&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mrel mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;fix&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mrel mtight&quot;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.02778em;&quot;&gt;r&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-3.0500049999999996em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:3.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mop op-symbol large-op&quot;&gt;∑&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:1.438221em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mop&quot;&gt;max&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;minner&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mopen delimcenter&quot; style=&quot;top:0em;&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mpunct&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.05556em;&quot;&gt;γ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mbin&quot;&gt;−&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot;&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.32833099999999993em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.00773em;&quot;&gt;R&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.15em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;minner&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mopen delimcenter&quot; style=&quot;top:0em;&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;minner&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mopen delimcenter&quot; style=&quot;top:0em;&quot;&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mpunct&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathbf&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.15139199999999997em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot;&gt;o&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.31731428571428577em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.357em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.07142857142857144em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.5em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.143em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.2501em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mpunct&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathbf&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.15139199999999997em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot;&gt;o&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.31731428571428577em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.357em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.07142857142857144em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.5em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.143em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.2501em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mclose delimcenter&quot; style=&quot;top:0em;&quot;&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mpunct&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.02778em;&quot;&gt;r&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mclose delimcenter&quot; style=&quot;top:0em;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mbin&quot;&gt;+&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot;&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.32833099999999993em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.00773em;&quot;&gt;R&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.15em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;minner&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mopen delimcenter&quot; style=&quot;top:0em;&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;minner&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mopen delimcenter&quot; style=&quot;top:0em;&quot;&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mpunct&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathbf&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.15139199999999997em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot;&gt;o&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.31731428571428577em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.357em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.07142857142857144em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.5em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.143em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.2501em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mpunct&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathbf&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.15139199999999997em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot;&gt;o&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.31731428571428577em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.357em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.07142857142857144em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.5em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.143em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.2501em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mclose delimcenter&quot; style=&quot;top:0em;&quot;&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mpunct&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord accent&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.56778em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-3em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:3em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.02778em;&quot;&gt;r&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-3em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:3em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;accent-body&quot; style=&quot;left:-0.19444em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;ˉ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mclose delimcenter&quot; style=&quot;top:0em;&quot;&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mclose delimcenter&quot; style=&quot;top:0em;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mclose&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;delimsizing mult&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:2.05002em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.2500000000000004em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:3.1550000000000002em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;delimsizinginner delim-size4&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;⎠&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-3.3970000000000002em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:3.1550000000000002em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;height:0.016em;width:0.875em;&quot;&gt;&lt;svg height=&quot;0.016em&quot; preserveaspectratio=&quot;xMinYMin&quot; style=&quot;width:0.875em&quot; viewbox=&quot;0 0 875 16&quot; width=&quot;0.875em&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=&quot;M457 0 H583 V16 H457z M457 0 H583 V16 H457z&quot;&gt;&lt;/path&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-4.05002em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:3.1550000000000002em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;delimsizinginner delim-size4&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;⎞&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:1.55002em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:5.197811499999999em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/figure&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;22b15abc-91fd-402d-8b05-51900f769b5c&quot;&gt;&lt;style&gt;@import url('https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/KaTeX/0.13.2/katex.min.css')&lt;/style&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;notion-text-equation-token&quot; contenteditable=&quot;false&quot; data-token-index=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;user-select:all;-webkit-user-select:all;-moz-user-select:all&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex-mathml&quot;&gt;&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;semantics&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mover accent=&quot;true&quot;&gt;&lt;mi&gt;f&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;ˉ&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mover&gt;&lt;mo separator=&quot;true&quot;&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mover accent=&quot;true&quot;&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mi&gt;f&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo mathvariant=&quot;normal&quot;&gt;′&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;mo&gt;ˉ&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mover&gt;&lt;mo separator=&quot;true&quot;&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mover accent=&quot;true&quot;&gt;&lt;mi&gt;r&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;ˉ&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mover&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;annotation encoding=&quot;application/x-tex&quot;&gt;\bar{f},\bar{{f}^\prime},\bar{r}&lt;/annotation&gt;&lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot; class=&quot;katex-html&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;base&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;strut&quot; style=&quot;height:1.0256599999999998em;vertical-align:-0.19444em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord accent&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.8312199999999998em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-3em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:3em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.10764em;&quot;&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-3.26344em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:3em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;accent-body&quot; style=&quot;left:-0.08332999999999999em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;ˉ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.19444em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mpunct&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord accent&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.8312199999999998em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-3em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:3em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.10764em;&quot;&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.6778919999999999em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.9890000000000003em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;′&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-3.26344em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:3em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;accent-body&quot; style=&quot;left:-0.25em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;ˉ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.19444em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mpunct&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord accent&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.56778em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-3em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:3em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.02778em;&quot;&gt;r&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-3em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:3em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;accent-body&quot; style=&quot;left:-0.19444em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;ˉ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;﻿&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;은 올바른 레이블이 아닌 것들의 집합, &lt;style&gt;@import url('https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/KaTeX/0.13.2/katex.min.css')&lt;/style&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;notion-text-equation-token&quot; contenteditable=&quot;false&quot; data-token-index=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;user-select:all;-webkit-user-select:all;-moz-user-select:all&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex-mathml&quot;&gt;&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;semantics&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;γ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;annotation encoding=&quot;application/x-tex&quot;&gt;\gamma&lt;/annotation&gt;&lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot; class=&quot;katex-html&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;base&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;strut&quot; style=&quot;height:0.625em;vertical-align:-0.19444em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.05556em;&quot;&gt;γ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;﻿&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;는 margin, 즉, 실제답과의 차이가 각각 모두γγ
이상 만큼 나는것을 목표로 한다.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;f45de3a7-8720-427b-b0a2-e4de3cdbde21&quot;&gt;&lt;mark class=&quot;highlight-red&quot;&gt;맨 윗줄을 살펴보자면, &lt;/mark&gt;&lt;style&gt;@import url('https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/KaTeX/0.13.2/katex.min.css')&lt;/style&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;notion-text-equation-token&quot; contenteditable=&quot;false&quot; data-token-index=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;user-select:all;-webkit-user-select:all;-moz-user-select:all&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex-mathml&quot;&gt;&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;semantics&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;o&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mn&gt;1&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;annotation encoding=&quot;application/x-tex&quot;&gt;m_o1&lt;/annotation&gt;&lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot; class=&quot;katex-html&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;base&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;strut&quot; style=&quot;height:0.79444em;vertical-align:-0.15em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.151392em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot;&gt;o&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.15em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;﻿&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;mark class=&quot;highlight-red&quot;&gt;이 true label 일때, f_bar 가 known label 이 아닌것들에 대해 summation
gamma - true + 다른거 와 0중에 큰걸 더해서 이를 minimize 한다.&lt;/mark&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;figure class=&quot;image&quot; id=&quot;2edcc39e-0a3c-4843-8a44-7cb5b0333b58&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/bnYYTy/btrHlyAyszE/Vy3RVjHgvYXv5buvdBgrEk/img.png&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/bnYYTy/btrHlyAyszE/Vy3RVjHgvYXv5buvdBgrEk/img.png&quot; style=&quot;width:859px&quot;/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;figcaption&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://lsjsj92.tistory.com/391&quot;&gt;https://lsjsj92.tistory.com/391&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/figcaption&gt;&lt;/figure&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;b5534656-7a64-4d63-a390-4b93d5a53e04&quot;&gt;R에서 RNN을 사용하는경우에는 last term을 log likelihood 로 바꿔 사용한다. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;7c82340a-e606-4a56-bf0e-0fbb089d7343&quot;&gt;3.2 WORD SEQUENCES AS INPUT&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;6c37061b-ca4e-40af-823e-10adcea602c9&quot;&gt;Input이 문장수준으로 끊어지는게 아니라 단어 수준으로 끊어지는 경우가 있다. 단어가 쭉 이어져서 도착하고 statement 와 question으로 나뉘지 않았다면, 이를 나눌 방법을 생각해야 한다.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;11170290-0649-4e60-a4ba-c7936788653e&quot;&gt;해단 논문에서는 segmemtation function을 정의했다. 해당 함수는 input으로 아직 segmented 되지 않은 단어를 입력으로 받고, 중단점을 찾는다. segmenter 가 실행되고, 문장이 분할되면, 이를 메모리에 쓰고 계속해서 진행한다.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;figure class=&quot;equation&quot; id=&quot;3bf2a103-e52c-4327-bd53-9e834af8212b&quot;&gt;&lt;style&gt;@import url('https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/KaTeX/0.13.2/katex.min.css')&lt;/style&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;equation-container&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex-display&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex-mathml&quot;&gt;&lt;math display=&quot;block&quot; xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;semantics&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi mathvariant=&quot;normal&quot;&gt;seg&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;⁡&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mo stretchy=&quot;false&quot;&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;c&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo stretchy=&quot;false&quot;&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msubsup&gt;&lt;mi&gt;W&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;s&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;e&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;g&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mi mathvariant=&quot;normal&quot;&gt;⊤&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msubsup&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;U&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;S&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi mathvariant=&quot;normal&quot;&gt;Φ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi mathvariant=&quot;normal&quot;&gt;seg&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;⁡&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo stretchy=&quot;false&quot;&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;c&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo stretchy=&quot;false&quot;&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;annotation encoding=&quot;application/x-tex&quot;&gt;\operatorname{seg}(c)=W_{s e g}^{\top} U_{S} \Phi_{\operatorname{seg}}(c)&lt;/annotation&gt;&lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot; class=&quot;katex-html&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;base&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;strut&quot; style=&quot;height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mop&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathrm&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.01389em;&quot;&gt;seg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mopen&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot;&gt;c&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mclose&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mrel&quot;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;base&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;strut&quot; style=&quot;height:1.282216em;vertical-align:-0.383108em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.13889em;&quot;&gt;W&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.899108em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.4530000000000003em;margin-left:-0.13889em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot;&gt;se&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.03588em;&quot;&gt;g&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-3.1130000000000004em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;⊤&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.383108em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.10903em;&quot;&gt;U&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.32833099999999993em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.10903em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.05764em;&quot;&gt;S&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.15em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;Φ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.15139200000000003em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mop mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathrm mtight&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.01389em;&quot;&gt;seg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.286108em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mopen&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot;&gt;c&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mclose&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/figure&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;d4b912fe-0a71-4de1-95d0-5fca6cb12ecd&quot;&gt;이때 W는 embedding space에서 linear classifier로의 기능을 하는 벡터이고, c는 bag of words 로 표현된 input, seg(c)가 margin &lt;style&gt;@import url('https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/KaTeX/0.13.2/katex.min.css')&lt;/style&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;notion-text-equation-token&quot; contenteditable=&quot;false&quot; data-token-index=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;user-select:all;-webkit-user-select:all;-moz-user-select:all&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex-mathml&quot;&gt;&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;semantics&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;γ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;annotation encoding=&quot;application/x-tex&quot;&gt;γ&lt;/annotation&gt;&lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot; class=&quot;katex-html&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;base&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;strut&quot; style=&quot;height:0.625em;vertical-align:-0.19444em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.05556em;&quot;&gt;γ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;﻿&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;보다 크면 segment로 간주됨. MemNN에서는 fully supervised setting을 가정하기 때문에, segmenter 에도 같은 상황속에 학습이 진행됨.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;figure class=&quot;image&quot; id=&quot;d2693fd0-47d3-41d2-9e59-7e9ff9c28bdf&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/bw2E2H/btrHkTdTEX1/8aFOBhJ5E9rA4kFl46VRHK/img.png&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/bw2E2H/btrHkTdTEX1/8aFOBhJ5E9rA4kFl46VRHK/img.png&quot; style=&quot;width:592px&quot;/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/figure&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;7be5a17e-0fb9-4454-b6fd-ddec2a48bc64&quot;&gt;segmenter 에 대한 training creteria 는 다음과 같이 적용될 수 있다.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;db9de949-641e-4175-aad0-6ed1d56a09d5&quot;&gt;F are all known supporting segments in the labeled training set, and F¯ are all other segments
in the training set.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;788abb29-9928-4246-be04-1798ce986b70&quot;&gt;3.3 EFFICIENT MEMORY VIA HASHING&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;1e9f7670-7315-4296-b176-b0be2f2bea40&quot;&gt;vanila 구현에서는 모든 메모리셋을 탐색하게 되는데(그것도 두번이나) 이는 많은 computational cost를 소모, hashing function을 통해 이를 늘렸다. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;46fb0f05-1cac-4d73-a777-ba771e50699b&quot;&gt;&lt;style&gt;@import url('https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/KaTeX/0.13.2/katex.min.css')&lt;/style&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;notion-text-equation-token&quot; contenteditable=&quot;false&quot; data-token-index=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;user-select:all;-webkit-user-select:all;-moz-user-select:all&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex-mathml&quot;&gt;&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;semantics&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;I&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo stretchy=&quot;false&quot;&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;x&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo stretchy=&quot;false&quot;&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;annotation encoding=&quot;application/x-tex&quot;&gt;I(x)&lt;/annotation&gt;&lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot; class=&quot;katex-html&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;base&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;strut&quot; style=&quot;height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.07847em;&quot;&gt;I&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mopen&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mclose&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;﻿&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;에서 나온 bucket에 해당하는 메모리만 scoring 함으로서, cost를 절약한다.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;1df481f2-3ecf-416e-b121-d508930d8db6&quot;&gt;해싱은 두가지 방법을 시도했는데&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ol class=&quot;numbered-list&quot; id=&quot;e50d67aa-593a-4f70-9532-a58d9c4b2aca&quot; start=&quot;1&quot; type=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;word dictionary를 사용한 것&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;469673cf-196f-4f25-8dab-259431e42c5a&quot;&gt;사전에 있는 단어 수만큼 버킷을 구성, 주어진 문장에 대해 문장 내 단어들에 해당하는 모든 버킷에 해시.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;ol class=&quot;numbered-list&quot; id=&quot;8c3cafe8-3f0e-4dbd-9a1e-2a024cd403bc&quot; start=&quot;2&quot; type=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;word embedding 을 clustering 해서 사용한 것&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;c6c1d24b-6f57-466d-8b9a-10bcecc5a36b&quot;&gt;embeddign matrix &lt;style&gt;@import url('https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/KaTeX/0.13.2/katex.min.css')&lt;/style&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;notion-text-equation-token&quot; contenteditable=&quot;false&quot; data-token-index=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;user-select:all;-webkit-user-select:all;-moz-user-select:all&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex-mathml&quot;&gt;&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;semantics&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;U&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;O&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;annotation encoding=&quot;application/x-tex&quot;&gt;U_O&lt;/annotation&gt;&lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot; class=&quot;katex-html&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;base&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;strut&quot; style=&quot;height:0.83333em;vertical-align:-0.15em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.10903em;&quot;&gt;U&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.32833099999999993em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.10903em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.02778em;&quot;&gt;O&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.15em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;﻿&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;를 학습시킨 후 k-means를 통해 word vectors &lt;style&gt;@import url('https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/KaTeX/0.13.2/katex.min.css')&lt;/style&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;notion-text-equation-token&quot; contenteditable=&quot;false&quot; data-token-index=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;user-select:all;-webkit-user-select:all;-moz-user-select:all&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex-mathml&quot;&gt;&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;semantics&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo stretchy=&quot;false&quot;&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;U&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;O&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mo stretchy=&quot;false&quot;&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;i&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;annotation encoding=&quot;application/x-tex&quot;&gt;(U_O)_i&lt;/annotation&gt;&lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot; class=&quot;katex-html&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;base&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;strut&quot; style=&quot;height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mopen&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.10903em;&quot;&gt;U&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.32833099999999993em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.10903em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.02778em;&quot;&gt;O&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.15em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mclose&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mclose&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.31166399999999994em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot;&gt;i&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.15em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;﻿&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;를 클러스터해서 K개의 버켓을 만듦, 그 후 주어진 문장에 주어진 문장에 대해 문장 내 단어들에 해당하는 모든 버킷에 해시.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;1de97d2c-48fe-4c28-a77f-9638f5412d94&quot;&gt;1 번 방법은 새로들어온 input에 대해 &lt;style&gt;@import url('https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/KaTeX/0.13.2/katex.min.css')&lt;/style&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;notion-text-equation-token&quot; contenteditable=&quot;false&quot; data-token-index=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;user-select:all;-webkit-user-select:all;-moz-user-select:all&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex-mathml&quot;&gt;&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;semantics&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;I&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo stretchy=&quot;false&quot;&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;x&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo stretchy=&quot;false&quot;&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;annotation encoding=&quot;application/x-tex&quot;&gt;I(x)&lt;/annotation&gt;&lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot; class=&quot;katex-html&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;base&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;strut&quot; style=&quot;height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.07847em;&quot;&gt;I&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mopen&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mclose&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;﻿&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;의 단어중 적어도 하나 이상의 단어가 memory 에 있어야 점수를 매길 수 있지만, 2번의 경우 이러한 현상이 완화되고, 유사한 memory 에도 점수가 매겨질 수 있다.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;5baeaecb-e9bd-44c2-bb5e-b3e767217608&quot;&gt;3.4 MODELING WRITE TIME&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;1c88100b-459d-487e-ac99-60839aa361c1&quot;&gt;vanila 구현에서는 각 메모리들이 입력된 시점을 고려하지 않음. 이는 순서를 가지는 질문에 답할때(물건을 여러명이 사용한다던지, 물건의 위치가 여러 단계로 이동된다던지) 중요한 문제임.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;023e37b8-2077-45e7-9731-5ff908b754b3&quot;&gt;가장 간단한 해결책은 memory j 에 기록될때(rewriting이 없다는 전재하에) j를 extra feature로 &lt;style&gt;@import url('https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/KaTeX/0.13.2/katex.min.css')&lt;/style&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;notion-text-equation-token&quot; contenteditable=&quot;false&quot; data-token-index=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;user-select:all;-webkit-user-select:all;-moz-user-select:all&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex-mathml&quot;&gt;&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;semantics&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi mathvariant=&quot;normal&quot;&gt;Φ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;x&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo separator=&quot;true&quot;&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi mathvariant=&quot;normal&quot;&gt;Φ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;y&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;annotation encoding=&quot;application/x-tex&quot;&gt;Φx ,Φy&lt;/annotation&gt;&lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot; class=&quot;katex-html&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;base&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;strut&quot; style=&quot;height:0.8777699999999999em;vertical-align:-0.19444em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;Φ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mpunct&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;Φ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.03588em;&quot;&gt;y&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;﻿&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;에 추가하는 것 이지만, 이는 절대적인 시간값을 저장하게 된다. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;7c2a01d2-06de-44dd-a666-a012acced02e&quot;&gt;QA task에서는 상대적인 시간 관계가 더 중요하기 때문에, 다음과 같은 scoring function을 통한 상대적 시간값을 반영하였다.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;figure class=&quot;equation&quot; id=&quot;38df3b46-3730-40da-9f4f-dab6ecc2cdf2&quot;&gt;&lt;style&gt;@import url('https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/KaTeX/0.13.2/katex.min.css')&lt;/style&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;equation-container&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex-display&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex-mathml&quot;&gt;&lt;math display=&quot;block&quot; xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;semantics&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;s&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;O&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo stretchy=&quot;false&quot;&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;x&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo separator=&quot;true&quot;&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;y&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo stretchy=&quot;false&quot;&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi mathvariant=&quot;normal&quot;&gt;Φ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;x&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo stretchy=&quot;false&quot;&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;x&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mo stretchy=&quot;false&quot;&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi mathvariant=&quot;normal&quot;&gt;⊤&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mi&gt;U&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi mathvariant=&quot;normal&quot;&gt;⊤&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;mi&gt;U&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi mathvariant=&quot;normal&quot;&gt;Φ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;y&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo stretchy=&quot;false&quot;&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;y&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo stretchy=&quot;false&quot;&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;annotation encoding=&quot;application/x-tex&quot;&gt;s_O(x, y)=\Phi_{x}(x)^{\top} U^{\top} U \Phi_{y}(y)&lt;/annotation&gt;&lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot; class=&quot;katex-html&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;base&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;strut&quot; style=&quot;height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot;&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.32833099999999993em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.02778em;&quot;&gt;O&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.15em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mopen&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mpunct&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.03588em;&quot;&gt;y&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mclose&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mrel&quot;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;base&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;strut&quot; style=&quot;height:1.1852159999999998em;vertical-align:-0.286108em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;Φ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.151392em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.15em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mopen&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mclose&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mclose&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.8991079999999999em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-3.113em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;⊤&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.10903em;&quot;&gt;U&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.8991079999999999em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-3.113em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;⊤&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.10903em;&quot;&gt;U&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;Φ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.15139200000000003em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.03588em;&quot;&gt;y&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.286108em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mopen&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.03588em;&quot;&gt;y&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mclose&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/figure&gt;&lt;figure class=&quot;equation&quot; id=&quot;dd927eab-3eaa-4a3b-b7dc-6e429042cc8a&quot;&gt;&lt;style&gt;@import url('https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/KaTeX/0.13.2/katex.min.css')&lt;/style&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;equation-container&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex-display&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex-mathml&quot;&gt;&lt;math display=&quot;block&quot; xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;semantics&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;s&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;O&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;t&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo fence=&quot;true&quot;&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;x&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo separator=&quot;true&quot;&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;y&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo separator=&quot;true&quot;&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mi&gt;y&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo lspace=&quot;0em&quot; mathvariant=&quot;normal&quot; rspace=&quot;0em&quot;&gt;′&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;mo fence=&quot;true&quot;&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi mathvariant=&quot;normal&quot;&gt;Φ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;x&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo stretchy=&quot;false&quot;&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;x&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mo stretchy=&quot;false&quot;&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi mathvariant=&quot;normal&quot;&gt;⊤&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;msubsup&gt;&lt;mi&gt;U&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;O&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;t&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mi mathvariant=&quot;normal&quot;&gt;⊤&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msubsup&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;U&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;O&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;t&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo fence=&quot;true&quot;&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi mathvariant=&quot;normal&quot;&gt;Φ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;y&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo stretchy=&quot;false&quot;&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;y&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo stretchy=&quot;false&quot;&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mo&gt;−&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi mathvariant=&quot;normal&quot;&gt;Φ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;y&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo fence=&quot;true&quot;&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mi&gt;y&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo lspace=&quot;0em&quot; mathvariant=&quot;normal&quot; rspace=&quot;0em&quot;&gt;′&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;mo fence=&quot;true&quot;&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;+&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi mathvariant=&quot;normal&quot;&gt;Φ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;t&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo fence=&quot;true&quot;&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;x&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo separator=&quot;true&quot;&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;y&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo separator=&quot;true&quot;&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mi&gt;y&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo lspace=&quot;0em&quot; mathvariant=&quot;normal&quot; rspace=&quot;0em&quot;&gt;′&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;mo fence=&quot;true&quot;&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mo fence=&quot;true&quot;&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;annotation encoding=&quot;application/x-tex&quot;&gt;s_{O_{t}}\left(x, y, y^{\prime}\right)=\Phi_{x}(x)^{\top} U_{O_{t}}^{\top} U_{O_{t}}\left(\Phi_{y}(y)-\Phi_{y}\left(y^{\prime}\right)+\Phi_{t}\left(x, y, y^{\prime}\right)\right)&lt;/annotation&gt;&lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot; class=&quot;katex-html&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;base&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;strut&quot; style=&quot;height:1.051992em;vertical-align:-0.2501em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot;&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.32833099999999993em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.02778em;&quot;&gt;O&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.29634285714285713em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.357em;margin-left:-0.02778em;margin-right:0.07142857142857144em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.5em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot;&gt;t&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.143em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.2501em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;minner&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mopen delimcenter&quot; style=&quot;top:0em;&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mpunct&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.03588em;&quot;&gt;y&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mpunct&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.03588em;&quot;&gt;y&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.801892em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-3.113em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;′&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mclose delimcenter&quot; style=&quot;top:0em;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mrel&quot;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;base&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;strut&quot; style=&quot;height:1.246208em;vertical-align:-0.34709999999999996em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;Φ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.151392em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.15em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mopen&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mclose&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mclose&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.8991079999999999em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-3.113em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;⊤&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.10903em;&quot;&gt;U&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.899108em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.453em;margin-left:-0.10903em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.02778em;&quot;&gt;O&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.29634285714285713em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.357em;margin-left:-0.02778em;margin-right:0.07142857142857144em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.5em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot;&gt;t&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.143em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-3.1130000000000004em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;⊤&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.34709999999999996em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.10903em;&quot;&gt;U&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.32833099999999993em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.10903em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.02778em;&quot;&gt;O&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.29634285714285713em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.357em;margin-left:-0.02778em;margin-right:0.07142857142857144em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.5em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot;&gt;t&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.143em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.2501em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;minner&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mopen delimcenter&quot; style=&quot;top:0em;&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;Φ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.15139200000000003em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.03588em;&quot;&gt;y&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.286108em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mopen&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.03588em;&quot;&gt;y&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mclose&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mbin&quot;&gt;−&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;Φ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.15139200000000003em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.03588em;&quot;&gt;y&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.286108em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;minner&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mopen delimcenter&quot; style=&quot;top:0em;&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.03588em;&quot;&gt;y&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.801892em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-3.113em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;′&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mclose delimcenter&quot; style=&quot;top:0em;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mbin&quot;&gt;+&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;Φ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.2805559999999999em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot;&gt;t&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.15em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;minner&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mopen delimcenter&quot; style=&quot;top:0em;&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mpunct&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.03588em;&quot;&gt;y&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mpunct&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.03588em;&quot;&gt;y&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.801892em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-3.113em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mtight&quot;&gt;′&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mclose delimcenter&quot; style=&quot;top:0em;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mclose delimcenter&quot; style=&quot;top:0em;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/figure&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;7edf0334-6689-439b-acf8-21d2adb47182&quot;&gt;x 가 새로운 입력 일때 &lt;style&gt;@import url('https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/KaTeX/0.13.2/katex.min.css')&lt;/style&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;notion-text-equation-token&quot; contenteditable=&quot;false&quot; data-token-index=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;user-select:all;-webkit-user-select:all;-moz-user-select:all&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex-mathml&quot;&gt;&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;semantics&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi mathvariant=&quot;normal&quot;&gt;Φ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;t&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo stretchy=&quot;false&quot;&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;x&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo separator=&quot;true&quot;&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;y&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo separator=&quot;true&quot;&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;y&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mtext&gt;′&lt;/mtext&gt;&lt;mo stretchy=&quot;false&quot;&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;annotation encoding=&quot;application/x-tex&quot;&gt;Φ_t(x, y, y′)&lt;/annotation&gt;&lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot; class=&quot;katex-html&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;base&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;strut&quot; style=&quot;height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;Φ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.2805559999999999em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot;&gt;t&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.15em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mopen&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mpunct&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.03588em;&quot;&gt;y&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mpunct&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.03588em;&quot;&gt;y&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;′&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mclose&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;﻿&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; 는 3차원의 binary feature를 가지는데, x-y, x-y’.y-y’ 간의 선후관계에 대한 표현을 가진다.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;ecd1aee0-27e8-43b8-81fe-459a8b4d87bf&quot;&gt;(정말 모르겠음)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;2f7d5f4a-c3e8-4610-88d9-b31f7b958f99&quot;&gt;3.5 MODELING PREVIOUSLY UNSEEN WORDS&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;5e1912d3-44de-4a1d-9aa2-f43747049dcf&quot;&gt;한번도 나오지 않은 unseen word 에 대해서 이상적인 해결은 language model을 사용하여 주변 단어를 통해 현재 단어를 예측해야 한다. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;945f6f1c-ac53-4e67-a76e-0e858aef665b&quot;&gt;해당 논문에서는 이러한 아이디어를 &lt;style&gt;@import url('https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/KaTeX/0.13.2/katex.min.css')&lt;/style&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;notion-text-equation-token&quot; contenteditable=&quot;false&quot; data-token-index=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;user-select:all;-webkit-user-select:all;-moz-user-select:all&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;katex-mathml&quot;&gt;&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;semantics&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;S&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;O&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo separator=&quot;true&quot;&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;S&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;R&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;annotation encoding=&quot;application/x-tex&quot;&gt;S_O, S_R&lt;/annotation&gt;&lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span aria-hidden=&quot;true&quot; class=&quot;katex-html&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;base&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;strut&quot; style=&quot;height:0.8777699999999999em;vertical-align:-0.19444em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.05764em;&quot;&gt;S&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.32833099999999993em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.05764em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.02778em;&quot;&gt;O&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.15em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mpunct&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mspace&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.05764em;&quot;&gt;S&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;msupsub&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-t vlist-t2&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.32833099999999993em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:-0.05764em;margin-right:0.05em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pstrut&quot; style=&quot;height:2.7em;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mord mathnormal mtight&quot; style=&quot;margin-right:0.00773em;&quot;&gt;R&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-s&quot;&gt;​&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist-r&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;vlist&quot; style=&quot;height:0.15em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;﻿&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;을 약간 변경함으로서 도입했는데,&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;a7071031-f831-411c-ad2e-014d93444732&quot;&gt;input 단어의 앞, 뒤에 있는 단어를 bag of word로 input feature representation에 포함시킨다. 따라서 feature representation은 3W 에서 5W 로 확장되는데, 이를 잘 학습시키기 위해서 dropout 을 사용했다.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;84e0f7e2-f308-4dd8-8dd8-1c3b5458ae35&quot;&gt;3.6 EXACT MATCHES AND UNSEEN WORDS&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;5441f60d-f545-410c-b2fd-c1b3a3480582&quot;&gt;임베딩 모델은 낮은 차원때문에, 정확하게 단어를 일치시킬 수 없다. 해결책은 x,y 쌍에 점수를 매기는 것. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;662ebbd9-596e-4284-86b7-732d7a09940b&quot;&gt;x,y 의 “bag of words” matching score를 n-dimentional embedding space에 더한다. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;19784bc5-b90b-4c43-9096-e1fef0a5c537&quot;&gt;(이것도 다시한번 봐야할 듯)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;660c16d9-86c1-4d32-9822-5754426df521&quot;&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h1 class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;95a060ee-cc22-41ca-9da3-7a1e7a067048&quot;&gt;4. RELATED WORK&lt;/h1&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;2fab3934-fd50-4655-a69b-fa4db1aad289&quot;&gt;Pass!&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h1 class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;3fe49993-9ec0-4427-a35f-29aa249ac541&quot;&gt;5 EXPERIMENTS&lt;/h1&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;7cc19f7b-e58f-40e9-8e83-80f5bb52e500&quot;&gt;5.1 LARGE-SCALE QA&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&quot;bulleted-list&quot; id=&quot;2e9a207f-81db-46f4-b50d-73a0ed16797e&quot;&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;list-style-type:disc&quot;&gt;Dataset&lt;ul class=&quot;bulleted-list&quot; id=&quot;ffcaf336-7aa9-4e5d-9139-b4d03491e7f4&quot;&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;list-style-type:circle&quot;&gt;from Paralex - Paraphrase-driven learning for open question answering(Fader et al., 2013)&lt;ol class=&quot;numbered-list&quot; id=&quot;8644d59e-03e8-40e7-be39-011596445de0&quot; start=&quot;1&quot; type=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;(subject, relation,object) triple 로 구성되는 14M 개 statement 가 존재&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;ol class=&quot;numbered-list&quot; id=&quot;f658c0f4-8947-47d0-8962-c1f81b8106b2&quot; start=&quot;2&quot; type=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;ex)(milne, authored , winnie-the-pooh) 및 (sheep, be-afraid-of, wolf)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;ol class=&quot;numbered-list&quot; id=&quot;7464d53e-ab53-4b79-a64b-73766efb1174&quot; start=&quot;3&quot; type=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;triple 에서 생성되는 question과 이를 paraphrased 한 35M 개의 question-triple pair로 구성&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;ol class=&quot;numbered-list&quot; id=&quot;c7fc3678-c1c7-49a7-86ca-3990e2247f00&quot; start=&quot;4&quot; type=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;ex) “Who wrote the Winnie the Pooh books?” and “Who is poohs creator?”&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul class=&quot;bulleted-list&quot; id=&quot;339d98cb-1cda-4e02-8818-af9908187e1a&quot;&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;list-style-type:disc&quot;&gt;Baseline&lt;ul class=&quot;bulleted-list&quot; id=&quot;db739770-e3ac-4178-8bd5-04bdc0199e15&quot;&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;list-style-type:circle&quot;&gt;Paraphrase-driven learning for open question answering In ACL, pp. 1608–1618, 2013(Fader et al., 2013)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul class=&quot;bulleted-list&quot; id=&quot;939b71ef-7755-456f-a1d0-d22542e75d1c&quot;&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;list-style-type:circle&quot;&gt;Question answering with subgraph embeddings. In Proc. EMNLP, 2014a.(Bordes,et al)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul class=&quot;bulleted-list&quot; id=&quot;0a9dd1a7-ee43-4b7e-aa35-263f7107e3d0&quot;&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;list-style-type:disc&quot;&gt;Metric&lt;ul class=&quot;bulleted-list&quot; id=&quot;f94a4fec-8774-4e54-b510-f1e1ac5676a6&quot;&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;list-style-type:circle&quot;&gt;F1 score &lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul class=&quot;bulleted-list&quot; id=&quot;2f1e24fa-c1cb-4fb8-9360-8c1f95479b2c&quot;&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;list-style-type:disc&quot;&gt;Result&lt;figure class=&quot;image&quot; id=&quot;fd6dc960-be22-43f9-8918-065351ec448d&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/cmjttY/btrHkSF2Ysi/TCmCndcnyjlouEeWLbkI1K/img.png&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/cmjttY/btrHkSF2Ysi/TCmCndcnyjlouEeWLbkI1K/img.png&quot; style=&quot;width:528px&quot;/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/figure&gt;&lt;ul class=&quot;bulleted-list&quot; id=&quot;af44725c-9abd-4cc0-a055-bb99ddb47892&quot;&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;list-style-type:circle&quot;&gt;(table1)bow feature 를 사용한 MemNN 에서 가장 좋은 성능을 보임&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul class=&quot;bulleted-list&quot; id=&quot;aec0885d-caaf-4d5a-8217-97f95f78ac98&quot;&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;list-style-type:circle&quot;&gt;(table2) word hash 적용한 경우 speedup 이 1000배 일어났지만, 큰 성능차이, K=1000 인 클러스터 hash 적용한 경우 80배의 성능향상을 보이면서 적은 성능차를 보였음&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;3e96ac00-16e0-442a-899c-154f1694e383&quot;&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;bcbcc8ca-fcc1-48ab-9a63-49c145b366c2&quot;&gt;5.2 SIMULATED WORLD QA&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&quot;bulleted-list&quot; id=&quot;49f9e12e-b30c-465a-9f5b-1a905e29657b&quot;&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;list-style-type:disc&quot;&gt;Dataset simulation&lt;ul class=&quot;bulleted-list&quot; id=&quot;6b9079d0-fef7-47e2-89d3-5690c4506272&quot;&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;list-style-type:circle&quot;&gt;simple simulation of 4 characters, 3 objects and 5 rooms– with characters moving around, picking up and dropping objects. &lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul class=&quot;bulleted-list&quot; id=&quot;250b0121-fd92-4b53-88ac-e56d75dc7ff7&quot;&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;list-style-type:circle&quot;&gt;자동화된 문법을 통해 질문과 레이블을 생성&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul class=&quot;bulleted-list&quot; id=&quot;e8fad60c-9370-4b03-8b75-ef2aecc37b03&quot;&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;list-style-type:circle&quot;&gt;7K statement, 3K question&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul class=&quot;bulleted-list&quot; id=&quot;3a3849e5-0aa7-4e1b-8129-869b05cdcda4&quot;&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;list-style-type:circle&quot;&gt;질의의 Complexity(difficulty)는 Limit 이라는 변수에 의해서 설정되었다.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul class=&quot;bulleted-list&quot; id=&quot;ffc30fd6-667f-4006-a70b-476a30fb0b78&quot;&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;list-style-type:circle&quot;&gt;Limit은 질문하고자 하는 entity가 마지막으로 언급된 과거의 시간단계에 제한을 둔다.ex) limit=5 → 과거 1~5 step 에서 무작위로 sentence 선택&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul class=&quot;bulleted-list&quot; id=&quot;b6b4faff-66fb-4df7-a95e-681bb127deb3&quot;&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;list-style-type:circle&quot;&gt;이렇게 선택된 senstence 가 인물만을 언급하고 있다면, 인물만에 관한 질문, object 를 언급하고 있다면 object에 관련된 질문을 생성했다.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul class=&quot;bulleted-list&quot; id=&quot;e6478a33-9260-41e7-8d6f-5ad25b8fc2ed&quot;&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;list-style-type:circle&quot;&gt;Answer는  simple word 와 간단한 문법으로 만들어진 문장 두가지 종류가 있다.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul class=&quot;bulleted-list&quot; id=&quot;42697a6b-b557-4f0b-8b69-26d72fb2c3ab&quot;&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;list-style-type:circle&quot;&gt;또한 actor-based question 에 before을 사용하지 않은(더 긴 requirement가 필요)가장 simple 한 버전의 질문또한 준비했다.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul class=&quot;bulleted-list&quot; id=&quot;90a399d8-d319-4e80-9522-3bff759bbcba&quot;&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;list-style-type:circle&quot;&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul class=&quot;bulleted-list&quot; id=&quot;31e7cb62-f43d-4c99-b3b6-ac4c81581231&quot;&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;list-style-type:disc&quot;&gt;Baseline&lt;ul class=&quot;bulleted-list&quot; id=&quot;e81272b3-316b-476b-b2f0-2ac5613581c6&quot;&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;list-style-type:circle&quot;&gt;RNN, LSTM&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul class=&quot;bulleted-list&quot; id=&quot;13bb7a9e-8e20-46ba-bad7-b5482ca1ab8d&quot;&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;list-style-type:disc&quot;&gt;Result&lt;figure class=&quot;image&quot; id=&quot;834e42d0-ee5b-4c0e-9786-b1c5bb1bb5e1&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/lMUgR/btrHkT50qlc/P2TOrYXnf23BWxiy2FdAOk/img.png&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/lMUgR/btrHkT50qlc/P2TOrYXnf23BWxiy2FdAOk/img.png&quot; style=&quot;width:1107px&quot;/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/figure&gt;&lt;ul class=&quot;bulleted-list&quot; id=&quot;a6d150fe-a8c5-45ce-af16-c973126d3d3b&quot;&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;list-style-type:circle&quot;&gt;diffuculty 1+easy task 에서는 RNN,LSTM도 잘 작동했지만, difficulty 가 높으면 long memory를 활용하지 못해 성능이 매우 떨어지는 것을 볼 수 있었음&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul class=&quot;bulleted-list&quot; id=&quot;9693d33f-89dd-465a-b7da-183c6000a1d2&quot;&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;list-style-type:circle&quot;&gt;actor 나 actor+object task 에서 k=1 이고 time 정보가 없는 경우에는 RNN 계열의 모델에 비해 낮은 성능을 보였다. 이는 RNN, LSTM이 모델 구조상 sequential data를 처리할 수 있기 때문으로 생각됨.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul class=&quot;bulleted-list&quot; id=&quot;b76ef3c6-363c-418e-8602-a09204c2d088&quot;&gt;&lt;li style=&quot;list-style-type:circle&quot;&gt;time 정보를 사용한 이후에는 극적인 성능향상을 보였으며, k=2 인 경우 훨씬 좋은 성능을 보였다. &lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;h3 class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;77083557-4a48-430a-87f5-9b358fa6707f&quot;&gt;5.2.1 QA WITH PREVIOUSLY UNSEEN WORDS&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;figure class=&quot;image&quot; id=&quot;9af0ae87-a8aa-4bc0-ad1c-7e7af0926f6c&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/bdsLLj/btrHmdCWNtY/DBpInmuozkCGGVIlBF4C8k/img.png&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/bdsLLj/btrHmdCWNtY/DBpInmuozkCGGVIlBF4C8k/img.png&quot; style=&quot;width:1071px&quot;/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/figure&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;5c2f58e9-73de-41f2-a4ab-f1214d93bd7b&quot;&gt;3.5,3.6의 unseen staragy를 적용한 경우의 실험, 해당 실험에서는 Bilbo, Frodo, Sauron, Gollum, Shire 및 Mount-Doom 등의 단어를 dictionary 에 넣지 않은 상태로 실험을 진행했지만, test 단계에서 적절한 정답을 제공했다.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;7b7c7f8c-7b9f-4999-8825-82b751a4c850&quot;&gt;이런 전략을 사용하지 않은 학습에서는 이러한 task들은 완전히 실패했다.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3 class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;abe7a95b-501b-4898-9055-40029be612e9&quot;&gt;5.3 COMBINING SIMULATED DATA AND LARGE-SCALE QA&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;figure class=&quot;image&quot; id=&quot;903c4c5e-858f-468f-90a4-243632da9367&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/eTtzVd/btrHkUjyUvF/BH1OqvCW1s1SBPJeL6KwkK/img.png&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/eTtzVd/btrHkUjyUvF/BH1OqvCW1s1SBPJeL6KwkK/img.png&quot; style=&quot;width:1084px&quot;/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/figure&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;8d029c5d-e1ce-4452-9ff8-d19216ce2658&quot;&gt;5.1 과 5.2에서 각각 두 모델을 largescale QA 와 simulation QA 에 대해 훈련하고, 이를 앙상블하였다. 이에 시스템은 general 한 knolege question 과 simulation 상황에 대한 질문 모두에 대답할 수 있었다. 단 이후 올바른 combining의 방법에 관한건 future work로 남긴다.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;f75cbf4c-ac48-4d5e-a634-80deec694384&quot;&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;html&gt;&lt;body&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;&quot;&gt;Uploaded by &lt;mark class=&quot;highlight-orange&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/jmjeon94/N2T&quot;&gt;N2T&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/mark&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/body&gt;&lt;/html&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/article&gt;&lt;/body&gt;</description>
      <category>공부/논문리뷰</category>
      <category>DeepLearning</category>
      <category>RNN</category>
      <category>논문</category>
      <author>daily-kim</author>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://de1030.tistory.com/9</guid>
      <comments>https://de1030.tistory.com/9#entry9comment</comments>
      <pubDate>Fri, 15 Jul 2022 02:15:35 +0900</pubDate>
    </item>
  </channel>
</rss>